Table 2.
Effects of losartan and divalinal on cerebrovascular responses in WT and APP mice
| WT | WT-L | WT-LD | APP | APP-L | APP-LD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACh | ||||||
| EAmax | 43.0 ± 2.0 | 40.6 ± 3.9 | 41.8 ± 2.6 | 28.2 ± 2.5*★ | 41.1 ± 4.5 | 24.1 ± 2.5**★★ |
| pD2 | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.2 | 8.0 ± 0.2 | 7.9 ± 0.2 | 7.8 ± 0.2 | 7.3 ± 0.2 |
| CGRP | ||||||
| EAmax | 43.2 ± 1.9 | 42.0 ± 3.5 | 43.8 ± 5.3 | 26.9 ± 1.6*★ | 40.3 ± 4.1 | 25.2 ± 2.2*★ |
| pD2 | 8.5 ± 0.1 | 8.0 ± 0.2 | 8.3 ± 0.3 | 8.6 ± 0.2 | 8.1 ± 0.2 | 8.2 ± 0.1 |
| GSK | ||||||
| EAmax | 51.2 ± 3.0 | NA | NA | 27.7 ± 2.5*★ | 52.2 ± 2.0 | 35.9 ± 1.8 |
| pD2 | 7.6 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 0.4 | 7.9 ± 0.2 | 8.0 ± 0.2 | ||
| LEV | ||||||
| EAmax | 54.2 ± 2.7 | NA | NA | 29.1 ± 3.9**★★ | 51.0 ± 2.1 | 44.6 ± 2.3 |
| pD2 | 7.4 ± 0.2 | 8.2 ± 0.6 | 7.9 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 0.2 | ||
| L-NNA | ||||||
| EAmax | 59.0 ± 3.2 | 53.1 ± 4.2 | 57.1 ± 2.1 | 79.6 ± 0.8***★★★ | 59.3 ± 4.1 | 72.6 ± 1.1*★★ |
Data are mean ± SEM (n = 4–6 mice per group) and are expressed as the EAmax or pD2. EAmax is the percentage maximal dilation of ACh, CGRP, GSK, and LEV and the percentage maximal decrease after 35 min of NOS inhibition with 10−5 m L-NNA.
*★p < 0.05;
**★★p < 0.01,
***★★★p < 0.001 compared with WT control mice (*) or APP-losartan-treated mice (★) using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman–Keuls post hoc multiple-comparisons tests.
L, Losartan; LD, L-divalinal; NA, not applicable.