CORT-induced downregulation of BDNF and DNA methylation in the bdnf gene were NOX1 dependent. A, Transcript levels of total BDNF and exon IV of the bdnf gene in PFC or NAcc following the long-term administration of CORT. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 compared with WT/CORT(−). B, Correlations between the levels of BDNF mRNA in PFC and NOX1 mRNA in VTA of mice transduced with AAV2/rh10 into VTA. Values were obtained from 29 animals administered CORT. C, No correlation between the levels of BDNF mRNA in PFC and NOX1 mRNA in PFC of mice transduced with AAV2/rh10 into PFC. Values were obtained from 16 animals administered CORT. D, Number of spines following the long-term administration of CORT. Representative photomicrographs of spines in PFC and NAcc (top). **p < 0.01 compared with WT/CORT(−) and #p < 0.05. E, A schematic diagram of regulatory elements in the promoter region of exon IV of the mouse bdnf gene (top) and methylation of CpG sites in the promoter depicted by bisulfate sequencing analyses (bottom). The position of the transcriptional start site (TSS) is set at zero. Values were obtained from eight animals per each group in two independent experiments. **p < 0.01 compared with WT/CORT(−) and #p < 0.05.