Table 2.

Activity in cerebellar cortex during the acquisition phase

Condition/cluster	Side	x, y, z (mm)			Location	Cluster voxel size (mm3)	t
Paired CS–US
1. Main cluster	Bilateral				Left: V,VI, Crus I, Crus II, VIIb, VIIIa; vermis: VI, Crus I, Crus II, VIIb, VIIIa; right: V, VI, Crus I, Crus II, VIIb	5123
	Left	−11	−77	−30	Crus I	762	9.55
	Left	−7	−76	−15	VI	1202	6.64
	Right	8	−65	−15	V	342	6.61
	Right	8	−76	−31	Crus II	96	6.58
	Right	10	−74	−18	VI	982	6.56
	Left	−12	−72	−23	VI	1202	5.81
	Vermis	0	−77	−28	Crus II	116	5.70
	Left	−16	−70	−43	VIIb	200	5.67
	Left	−7	−68	−35	VIIb	200	5.67
2. Extended cluster	Left				VI, Crus I	2209
	Left	−25	−61	−26	VI	1920	7.87
	Left	−39	−56	−27	Crus I	289	6.28
	Left	−37	−65	−23	VI	1920	5.90
	Left	−25	−75	−20	VI	1920	5.08
3. Extended cluster	Right				VI, Crus I	2754
	Right	44	−51	−26	Crus I	570	6.77
	Right	32	−56	−29	VI	2184	6.48
	Right	26	−63	−23	VI	2184	6.30
	Right	38	−56	−23	VI	2184	5.36
4. Extended cluster	Left				I to IV	70
	Left	−6	−40	−18	I to IV	70	6.19
	Left	−9	−41	−28	I to IV	70	5.92
5. Extended cluster	Bilateral				I to IV left, I to IV right	212
	Left	0	−50	−19	I to IV	151	5.94
	Left	−2	−55	−11	I to IV	151	5.42
6.	Left	−11	−54	−41	IX	91	6.93
7.	Bilateral	−1	−62	−1	V left, V right	62	5.87
8.	Right	27	−69	−46	Crus II, VIIb, VIIIa	368	5.79
9.	Right	6	−56	−2	I to IV, V	31	5.65
10.	Left	−39	−61	−33	Crus I	224	5.56
11.	Vermis	0	−53	−36	IX, X	53	5.44
12.	Left	−40	−59	−45	Crus I, Crus II	35	5.25
13.	Right	33	−48	−51	VIIb, VIIIa	67	5.15
CS-only
1. Main cluster	Bilateral				Left: VI, Crus I, Crus II, VIIb; vermis: VI, Crus I, Crus II; right: VI	10778
	Left	−27	−64	−19	VI	4648	7.30
	Left	−12	−75	−35	Crus II	2549	7.25
	Left	−27	−61	−27	VI	4648	7.24
	Left	−20	−77	−41	Crus II	2549	6.56
	Left	−24	−69	−46	VIIb	1066	5.95
	Left	−19	−71	−26	VI	4648	5.94
	Right	8	−75	−17	VI	401	5.75
	Left	−11	−74	−21	VI	4648	5.38
2.	Right/vermis	7	−77	−34	Vermis: VI, Crus II; right: VI,Crus I, Crus II	618	6.54
3.	Right	33	−50	−50	VIIb, VIIIa	213	4.76
4.	Left	−10	−55	−47	IX	77	4.70
5.	Right	23	−65	−46	VIIb, VIIIa	160	4.37
6.	Right	38	−52	−30	VI, Crus I	354	4.24
7.	Right	35	−56	−21	VI	56	4.19
8.	Right	13	−74	−47	VIIb	40	4.06

In first level analysis, five blocks of 20 paired CS–US events and 5 blocks of 5 CS-only events were modeled. Activations were calculated with a one-sample t test over first-level contrasts spanning the five respective acquisition blocks. Results are thresholded at the level of p < 0.05 (permutation corrected, t = 4.67) for paired CS–US trials and at trend level (p < 0.001 uncorrected, t = 3.58) for CS-only trials. Multiple local maxima within one cluster are reported with a minimum distance of 8 mm. In single-peaked clusters spanning multiple lobules, peak location is underlined; in multipeaked clusters voxel size is presented for each lobule with a local peak, total voxel size is given in the first line.