Figure 12.

STIM1^PKO mice showed memory consolidation deficiency in VOR learning. A, Gain-down learning protocol: 5° of in-phase paired turntable and drum stimulation was applied three times and 10 min each; 0.5 Hz dVOR was recorded in prelearning and postlearning and every interval between learning (arrows in top bar diagram). B, Gain-down learning in short term. In both groups, memory acquired by gain-down learning remained perfect until 30 min and 1 h (wild-type, n = 10; STIM1^PKO, n = 10; F = 0.284, p = 0.6). C, Both groups showed the same memory consolidation level for the gain value (right; 30 min, p = 0.063; 1 h, p = 0.796). D, Gain-down learning. STIM1^PKO mice could keep up with wild-type mice at the end of the daily learning, but there were considerable differences between two groups in gain values on the next day (wild-type, n = 14; STIM1^PKO, n = 14). E, Consolidation levels were significantly reduced in STIM1^PKO mice (Day 1–2, p < 0.001; Day 2–3, p = 0.019). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used for B, and D and asterisks were marked by a post hoc Fisher's LSD test pairwise comparison. Asterisks in C and E were marked by Mann–Whitney U test. Error bars denote the SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.