Conflict-related behavioral and neural responses averaged across hands, separately for left-hand and right-hand responses. A, Top, Differences in RTs between congruent (C; no-conflict) and incongruent (I; conflict) trials. Bottom, RTs separately for congruent (red lines) and incongruent trials (green lines) as a function of the S-R compatibility on the previous trial. B, Top, Differences in MFC theta activations between congruent (no-conflict) and incongruent (conflict) trials. Bottom, MFC theta activations separately for congruent (red lines) and incongruent trials (green lines) as a function of the previous S-R compatibility.