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UM-UC3, HTB-9, and HTB-5 cells were treated with shikonin under three different glucose concentrations 25 mg/dL, 100 mg/dL, and 200 mg/dL. Data were analyzed from three independent experiments, each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. * indicates significant two-tailed t-test p value of < 0.05, compared with vehicle-treated (DMSO) control.
