Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jun 27;10:2817. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10643-w

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 5 — Increased TGFβ signalling in the Rbpj^iPC cerebral vasculature. a GSEA of overexpressed genes (RNA-seq model-based clustering analysis) reveals upregulation of TGFβ targets in Rbpj^iPC. ES, enrichment score; NES, normalized enrichment score; FDR, false discovery rate. b Confocal images showing increased phosphorylation of SMAD3 (phSMAD3, white) in P10 Rbpj^iPC brain cortex vasculature (tdT⁺, red). Scale bar, 100 μm. c phSMAD3 immunosignal intensity quantitation in P10 brain vasculature. p-values, Welch’s t-test, n = 6. d Confocal images showing increased phosphorylation of SMAD1/5 (phSMAD1/5, white) in P10 Rbpj^iPC brain cortex vasculature (tdT⁺, red). Scale bar, 100 μm. e phSMAD1/5 immunosignal intensity quantitation in P10 brain vasculature. p-values, Welch’s t-test, n = 6. f, g Confocal single optical sections showing localization of phSMAD3 (f) or phSMAD1/5 (g) (white) in the nuclei (DAPI⁺, blue) of ECs (ICAM2⁺, red; yellow arrowheads) or pericytes (GFP⁺, green; white arrowheads) in P10 cortical vessels. Note phSMAD3 presence in ECs and pericytes, while phSMAD1/5 is only detectable in ECs. Scale bar, 25 μm. h Tgfb3 expression in cortical mural cells from P7 or P10 mice analyzed by RNA-seq (top) or RT-qPCR (bottom). p-adjusted values (RNA-seq) or p-values, Student’s t-test, n = 3–4. i RT-qPCR analysis in sorted ECs from P7 and P10 brain cortices. p-values, Brown–Forsythe and Welch one-way ANOVA with Tamhane’s T2 test (Bmp2 and Bmp4), or one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s (Nrp1), n = 4–7. j Gene expression fold change based on RNA-seq counts in P7 and P10 brain cortex mural cells. p-adjusted values. n = 3. k Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1) expression analysis in vivo (RNA-seq and RT-qPCR for FACS-sorted mural cells) and in vitro in cultured pericytes. p-adjusted values (RNA-seq), p-values, Welch’s t-test (in vitro), or Brown–Forsythe and Welch one-way ANOVA with Holm–Sidak’s test (RT-qPCR), n = 3–4. l Confocal images showing increased expression of thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1, white) in mural cells (PDGFRβ⁺, green) of P10 Rbpj^iPC cortical vasculature (ICAM2⁺, red). Scale bar, 50 μm. Error bars represent s.e.m. Source data are provided as a Source Data file