Table 4.
ORs and 95% CIs for factors related to absenteeism and presenteeism
| Absenteeism | Presenteeism | |||
| OR (95% CI) | OR after correction (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR after correction (95% CI) | |
| Age <21 years* | 3.7 (3.4 to 3.9) | 3.3 (3.1 to 3.6) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.4) |
| Smoking† | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.4) | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.6) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.6) |
| Absenteeism not related to MRSs in the past 6 months‡ | 2.2 (2.1 to 2.4) | 1.7 (1.6 to 1.9) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.4) |
| Level of education§ | ||||
| Low | 4.5 (4.1 to 4.9) | 2.7 (2.4 to 3.0) | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.4) | 1.1 (1.0 to 1.2)** |
| Medium | 2.2 (2.1 to 2.4) | 1.7 (1.5 to 1.8) | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.4) | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.2) |
| High | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| Oral contraception¶ | ||||
| No | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| Yes | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.1)†† | 0.9 (0.9 to 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9) |
| LG-IUD¶ | ||||
| No | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| Yes | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.6) | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.6) |
| Abdominal pain score¶ | ||||
| 0–4 | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| 5–6 | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.9) | 2.2 (1.9 to 2.4) | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.7) | 5.3 (4.9 to 5.7) |
| >7 | 7.0 (6.4 to 7.8) | 5.6 (5.0 to 6.2) | 8.7 (8.0 to 9.4) | 8.8 (8.1 to 9.5) |
| Headache pain score¶ | ||||
| 0–4 | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| 5–6 | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.6) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.6) | 3.0 (2.7 to 3.3) | 3.1 (2.8 to 3.4) |
| >7 | 2.0 (1.8 to 2.1) | 2.3 (2.1 to 2.5) | 3.5 (3.2 to 3.9) | 3.7 (3.4 to 4.1) |
| Backache pain score¶ | ||||
| 0–4 | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| 5–6 | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 3.5 (3.2 to 3.9) | 3.5 (3.2 to 3.8) |
| >7 | 2.7 (2.5 to 2.9) | 2.2 (2.1 to 2.4) | 4.7 (4.2 to 5.2) | 4.5 (4.0 to 5.0) |
| Tiredness intensity score¶ | ||||
| 0–4 | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| 5–6 | 1.8 (1.7 to 2.0) | 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) | 3.3 (3.1 to 3.6) | 3.3 (3.1 to 3.6) |
| >7 | 3.0 (2.8 to 3.2) | 2.8 (2.6 to 3.1) | 5.1 (4.7 to 5.6) | 5.2 (4.7 to 5.7) |
| Psychological complaints intensity score¶ | ||||
| 0–4 | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) | 1.0 (n/a) |
| 5–6 | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.7) | 2.7 (2.5 to 2.9) | 2.6 (2,5 to 2.9) |
| >7 | 2.2 (2.0 to 2.4) | 2.1 (2.0 to 2.3) | 4.4 (4.0 to 4.7) | 4.3 (4.0 to 4.7) |
ORs >1 correlate with a higher prevalence of absenteeism or presenteeism. ORs <1 correlate with a lower prevalence of absenteeism or presenteeism.
*Correction for smoking and absenteeism that was not related to menstruation-related symptoms (MRSs).
†Correction for age, absenteeism that was not related to MRSs and level of education.
‡Correction for age, smoking and level of education.
§Correction for age, smoking and absenteeism that was not related to MRSs.
¶Correction for age, smoking, absenteeism that was not related to MRSs and level of education.
**P=0.26, ††p=0.73 for all other ORs, p<0.05.
LG-IUD, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device.