Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regression analyses with sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and risk factors as predictors of support for regulatory interventions (consumer warning/educative) aimed at reducing the consumption of sugary drinks
| Sociodemographics characteristics | Somewhat or strongly in favour (cumulative) | |||||||||
| Government-funded TV campaigns on health effects of SSBs | Text warning labels on vending machines and other places of sale | Text warning labels on SSB advertisements (eg, TV and billboards) | Text warning labels on SSB containers about health risks | Graphic warning labels on SSB containers about health risks | ||||||
| % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 87 | 1.00 | 86 | 1.00 | 83 | 1.00 | 88 | 1.00 | 67 | 1.00 |
| Female | 88 | 0.87 (0.70–1.09) | 87 | 0.97 (0.78–1.20) | 87 | 1.17 (0.95–1.43) | 89 | 1.00 (0.80–1.26) | 75 | 1.31 (1.11–1.54)* |
| Age range (years) | ||||||||||
| 18–30 | 90 | 1.00 | 85 | 1.00 | 84 | 1.00 | 86 | 1.00 | 64 | 1.00 |
| 31–45 | 88 | 0.91 (0.65–1.26) | 85 | 0.96 (0.72–1.28) | 84 | 0.91 (0.68–1.21) | 88 | 1.05 (0.78–1.43) | 67 | 1.06 (0.85–1.32) |
| 46–60 | 88 | 1.05 (0.75–1.46) | 89 | 1.34 (0.98–1.81) | 88 | 1.25 (0.92–1.68) | 89 | 1.22 (0.89–1.68) | 71 | 1.31 (1.05–1.64) |
| 61+ | 85 | 0.77 (0.55–1.08) | 88 | 1.27 (0.92–1.75) | 84 | 0.95 (0.71–1.29) | 90 | 1.47 (1.04–2.06) | 81 | 2.48 (1.92–3.20)** |
| Level of disadvantage | ||||||||||
| Decile 1–3 (most disadvantage) | 86 | 1.00 | 89 | 1.00 | 88 | 1.00 | 90 | 1.00 | 74 | 1.00 |
| Decile 4–7 (mid disadvantage) | 88 | 1.08 (0.82–1.44) | 86 | 0.75 (0.56–1.01) | 84 | 0.72 (0.55–0.96) | 88 | 0.76 (0.56–1.03) | 71 | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) |
| Decile 8–10 (least disadvantage) | 87 | 0.91 (0.68–1.22) | 86 | 0.71 (0.53–0.96) | 84 | 0.63 (0.48–0.84)* | 88 | 0.74 (0.54–1.01) | 70 | 0.77 (0.61–0.96) |
| Knowledge and risk factors | ||||||||||
| SSB every day causes health problems in adults | ||||||||||
| Not likely | 79 | 1.00 | 83 | 1.00 | 79 | 1.00 | 85 | 1.00 | 61 | 1.00 |
| Somewhat/very likely | 90 | 1.48 (1.12–1.97)* | 87 | 1.16 (0.87–1.55) | 86 | 1.28 (0.98–1.68) | 89 | 1.09 (0.80–1.48) | 74 | 1.59 (1.28–1.98)** |
| SSB every day causes health problems in children | ||||||||||
| Not likely | 74 | 1.00 | 79 | 1.00 | 75 | 1.00 | 82 | 1.00 | 59 | 1.00 |
| Somewhat/very likely | 89 | 2.09 (1.49–2.94)** | 87 | 1.54 (1.08–2.20) | 86 | 1.58 (1.14–2.20)* | 89 | 1.48 (1.02–2.15) | 72 | 1.33 (1.00–1.76) |
| Sugary drink consumption per week | ||||||||||
| None | 88 | 1.00 | 89 | 1.00 | 87 | 1.00 | 91 | 1.00 | 76 | 1.00 |
| 1–6 times | 90 | 1.04 (0.81–1.35) | 85 | 0.79 (0.63–1.01) | 85 | 0.87 (0.70–1.10) | 86 | 0.67 (0.53–0.86)* | 68 | 0.81 (0.68–0.97) |
| 7+ times | 78 | 0.53 (0.39–0.71)** | 80 | 0.59 (0.44–0.80)* | 78 | 0.60 (0.45–0.79)** | 82 | 0.52 (0.38–0.70)** | 60 | 0.62 (0.49–0.79)** |
| BMI | ||||||||||
| ≤25 | 90 | 1.00 | 88 | 1.00 | 85 | 1.00 | 88 | 1.00 | 72 | 1.00 |
| >25 | 85 | 0.63 (0.50–0.79)** | 87 | 0.94 (0.76–1.17) | 85 | 1.05 (0.85–1.29) | 89 | 1.03 (0.82–1.30) | 70 | 0.86 (0.73–1.01) |
| Don’t know | 87 | 0.79 (0.44–1.42) | 73 | 0.47 (0.30–0.75)* | 77 | 0.73 (0.45–1.19) | 82 | 0.72 (0.43–1.21) | 70 | 0.93 (0.60–1.44) |
Note: % is the percentage of respondents (unadjusted for SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage. other variables) from each category reporting they were in favour of the policy initiative. Employment and education were not significantly associated with any policy initiative in this table and were not reported in the table for ease of interpretation. Missing data resulted in 3.9%–4.2% of cases excluded from any one analysis. OR is the Odds Ratio adjusted for all other sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and risk factors. Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness of Fit values indicated good support for all models.
Statistical significance is denoted by asterisk(s) according to the following levels: *p<0.01, **p<0.001.
BMI, body mass index; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage.