Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of children with primary congenital and adults with open-angle glaucoma at inclusion in study
| ID | Age (years) | Sex | Ethnicity | Affected eye | Vision (logMAR) | Refraction (SE) | IOP | Corneal diameter (mm) | Cup:disc ratio | Surgical treatment | |||||
| RE | LE | RE | LE | RE | LE | RE | LE | RE | LE | ||||||
| A. Primary congenital glaucoma | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 10.3 | M | A | BE | 0.00 | −0.06 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.3 | G(BE) |
| 2 | 9.3 | M | A | BE | 1.30 | 0.08 | −9.00 | −1.00 | 20 | 20 | 12.5 | 11 | 0.4 | 0.3 | G(BE×2) |
| 3 | 0.8 | F | C | BE | 0.98 (PL) | FF (PL) | −2.75 | −1.75 | 22 | 20 | 14 | 10 | 0.3 | 0.2 | G(BE), TRAB(LE) |
| 4 | 4.3 | M | C | BE | 0.13 | 0.13 | −0.25 | −0.50 | 15 | 21 | 12 | 12 | 0.35 | 0.5 | G(BE), TRAB(RE) |
| 5 | 2.1 | F | C | BE | 1.10 (CC) | 1.10 (CC) | +1.00 | Plano | 14 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.1 | G(BE), BT(RE) |
| 6 | 3.7 | F | A | BE | 0.40 (CC) | 0.40 (CC) | +0.50 | −0.50 | 20 | 20 | 13 | 13 | 0.8 | 0.8 | G(BE) |
| 7 | 5.8 | F | A | BE | 0.43 | 0.70 | −6.25 | −1.00 | 14 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 0.5 | 0.5 | TRAB(BE) |
| 8 | 8.0 | F | A | BE | 0.22 | 0.64 | −1.50 | 1.00 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 0.5 | 0.5 | TRAB(BE×2RE) |
| 9 | 3.6 | F | A | BE | 0.20 | 0.20 | +1.75 | −2.75 | 6 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 0.5 | 0.5 | G(BE) |
| 10 | 1.5 | M | C | RE | 0.80 (CC) | 0.70 (CC) | −0.25 | +2.25 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 0.5 | 0.5 | G(RE×2) |
| 11 | 0.4 | M | C | BE | 0.86 (PL) | 0.64 (PL) | −1.00 | −1.50 | 29 | 25 | 12 | 13 | 0.5 | 0.5 | Listed for surgery |
| 12 | 5.7 | M | C | BE | 0.15 | 0.13 | −1.00 | −1.00 | 8 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 0.7 | 0.4 | G(BE) |
| 13 | 1.6 | M | C | LE | 0.10 (PL) | 0.70 (PL) | −1.00 | Plano | 14 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 0.3 | 0.6 | G(LE×2) |
| 14 | 3.6 | M | C | RE | 0.95 | 0.30 | −11.00 | −0.25 | 18 | 8 | 13 | 10 | 0.8 | 0.3 | G(RE) |
| 15 | 2.9 | F | A | LE | 0.35 | 1.06 | 1.25 | −3.50 | 18 | 20 | 10 | 12 | 0.2 | 0.45 | G(LE) |
| 16 | 5.0 | F | A | RE | 1.83 | −0.05 | −3.00 | +0.75 | 14 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 0.2 | 0.2 | G(RE×2), CL(RE) |
| 17 | 2.3 | F | C | BE | 0.51 | 0.51 | −1.25 | 1.50 | 23 | 12 | 23 | 12 | 0.2 | 0.2 | G(RE) |
| 18 | 5.1 | M | C | LE | 0.08 | LP | +0.25 | −7.00 | 28 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 0.2 | 0.9 | G(LE×3) |
| 19 | 7.2 | M | C | BE | 1.15 | 0.08 | +2.25 | +2.25 | 30 | 18 | 12 | 12.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 | G(BE), TRAB(BE) |
| 20 | 6.7 | F | C | BE | 0.10 | 0.10 | −1.00 | −1.00 | 25 | 23 | 14 | 13 | 0.4 | 0.9 | G(BE) |
| 21 | 2.1 | M | C | BE | 0.8 | 0.7 | −0.50 | +1.25 | 14 | 16 | 10 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | G(BE) |
| 22 | 0.8 | M | A | LE | FF | FF | +1.00 | −3.00 | 12 | 20 | 10 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.7 | G(LE), TRAB(LE) |
| 23 | 4.1 | F | A | BE | 0.4 | 0.4 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.5 | G(BE) |
| 24 | 2.0 | M | A | BE | FF | FF | – | – | 19 | 20 | 12 | 11 | – | – | Listed for surgery |
| B. Healthy children (controls for primary congenital glaucoma) | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 0.4 | F | C | – | 0.4 (PL) | 0.4 (PL) | Plano | Plano | 12 | 12 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 2 | 0.5 | M | C | – | 0.3 (PL) | 0.3 (PL) | +2.00 | +2.00 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | – |
| 3 | 0.7 | F | C | – | 0.4 (PL) | 0.4 (PL) | +3.25 | +3.00 | 11 | 12 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 4 | 0.8 | F | C | – | 0.3 (PL) | 0.3 (PL) | +2.50 | +2.50 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 5 | 0.8 | M | A | – | FF | FF | +2.50 | +2.50 | 12 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 6 | 10 | M | A | – | 0.3 | 0.3 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 16 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 0.35 | 0.35 | – |
| 7 | 3 | F | C | – | 0.1 (CC) | 0.1 (CC) | +1.25 | +1.25 | 16 | 17 | 11 | 11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | – |
| 8 | 4 | F | A | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | +1.00 | +1.00 | 16 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 9 | 7 | F | A | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 17 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 10 | 4 | M | C | – | 0.2 (CC) | 0.2 (CC) | +0.75 | +0.75 | 18 | 18 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 11 | 6.4 | M | C | – | 0.15 | 0.13 | Plano | Plano | 15 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 12 | 5.5 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 18 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 13 | 2 | F | A | – | 0.3 (CC) | 0.3 (CC) | +1.25 | +1.25 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 14 | 4 | M | C | – | 0.20 | 0.20 | +1.00 | +1.00 | 16 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 15 | 5 | F | A | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | +1.25 | +1.25 | 18 | 18 | 11 | 11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | – |
| 16 | 5 | M | C | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | +0.50 | +0.75 | 16 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | – |
| 17 | 1.5 | M | C | – | 0.2 (PL) | 0.2 (PL) | +0.75 | +0.75 | 18 | 18 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 18 | 4 | M | A | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | +2.00 | +2.00 | 16 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 0.35 | 0.35 | – |
| 19 | 4.3 | M | A | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | +2.00 | +2.00 | 19 | 20 | 11 | 11 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 20 | 3.6 | F | A | – | 0.10 | 0.20 | +1.50 | +1.75 | 20 | 20 | 11 | 11 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| C. Open-angle glaucoma | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 69 | F | C | BE | 0.32 | 0.18 | +0.25 | +0.5 | 14 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.8 | 0.8 | TRAB(RE) |
| 2 | 65 | M | C | RE | 0.16 | 0.20 | Plano | Plano | 20 | 19 | 12 | 12 | 0.85 | 0.5 | – |
| 3 | 76 | M | C | BE | 0.45 | 0.20 | +1 | +1 | 22 | 22 | 12 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.7 | – |
| 4 | 76 | M | C | BE | 0.36 | 0.2 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.5 | – |
| 5 | 59 | M | C | BE | 0.10 | 0.10 | +0.25 | Plano | 12 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 0.7 | 0.8 | – |
| 6 | 69 | F | A | BE | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 18 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 0.8 | 0.8 | – |
| 7 | 56 | M | C | BE | 0.14 | 0.22 | Plano | Plano | 15 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.8 | 0.65 | TRAB(BE) |
| 8 | 66 | M | C | BE | 0.14 | 0.16 | Plano | Plano | 13 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.7 | – |
| 9 | 72 | M | C | BE | 0.36 | 0.22 | Plano | Plano | 14 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 0.7 | 0.8 | – |
| 10 | 60 | M | C | BE | 0.24 | 0.20 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 17 | 12 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.5 | – |
| D. Healthy adults (controls for open-angle glaucoma) | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 77 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | +0.25 | 19 | 19 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| 2 | 54 | M | C | – | 0.20 | 0.10 | Plano | +0.25 | 17 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.35 | 0.4 | – |
| 3 | 60 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | +0.50 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| 4 | 71 | F | A | – | 0.20 | 0.20 | +0.75 | Plano | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| 5 | 66 | F | C | – | 0.20 | 0.10 | +0.50 | Plano | 16 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – |
| 6 | 72 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 12 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.5 | – |
| 7 | 57 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.20 | Plano | Plano | 19 | 20 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| 8 | 71 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.20 | Plano | Plano | 18 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 0.3 | 0.4 | – |
| 9 | 69 | M | C | – | 0.20 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 16 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | – |
| 10 | 72 | M | C | – | 0.10 | 0.10 | Plano | Plano | 20 | 20 | 12 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.45 | – |
IOP was measured at the date when optical coherence tomography was done.
BE, both eyes; BT, Baelvedt tube; C, Caucasian; CC, Cardiff cards (in all other participants, Kay pictures or Snellen test was used); CL, cyclodiode laser; F, female; FF, following and fixing; G, goniotomy; IOP, intraocular pressure; LE, left eye; M, male; PL, perception of light; PL, preferential looking; RE, right eye; SE, spherical equivalent; TRAB, trabeculectomy.