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. 2019 Jun 27;9:9317. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45586-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The proposed pipeline for building the 3D structural viable myocardium model. Upper panels show ex-vivo cardiovascular magnetic resonance images with overlaid myocardial segmentation (red), and the 3D structural model view of the corresponding segmentation (red) is represented in the lower panels. The whole ventricular 3D volume is shown in transparent gray. (a) Scar and myocardium segmentation are used as an input to the system. (b) Myocardium in and around the scar was extracted by expanding the 3D volume of the segmented scar to include neighboring myocardium. (c) The scar was removed from the myocardium to exclude scarred tissues and to focus only on the viable myocardium where electrical signals propagate. Scar volume was expanded 1 mm before subtracting to remove partial volume errors.