Overexpression of miRNA-320a induces faster barrier formation in T84 cells. (A) T84 cells stably overexpressing miRNA-320a, miRNA-16-5p, and miRNA-34a-5p by lentiviral transduction were seeded onto Transwell inserts, and barrier formation was assessed by TEER measurement in 24-h intervals over 4 days. A TEER of >330 Ω ⋅ cm2 indicates complete barrier formation and is marked by a dotted line. Values shown represent means ± the SEM (n = 6 [miRNA-16-5p and miRNA-34a-5p] or n = 12 [miRNA-320a]) from triplicate or quadruplicate experiments, respectively. ***, P = 0.0002 (two-way ANOVA); n.s., not significant. (B) T84 cells overexpressing miR-320a, miR-16-5p, and miR-34a-5p were harvested, and the overexpression of each miRNA was controlled by qRT-PCR. Values shown represent means ± the SD from three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001 (one-sample t test on log-transformed fold changes).