Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the immediate ART arm participants in START with HIV RNA <50 copies/mL at the eight‐month visit, categorized by ART adherence at month 8 (n=1627)
| Characteristic | Incomplete adherence n=109 | 100% Adherence n=1518 |
|---|---|---|
| n (%) or median (IQR) | ||
| Female sex | 24 (22) | 398 (26) |
| Age (years) | 32 (27, 40) | 36 (29, 44) |
| Time since diagnosis (years) | 1.1 (0.4, 3.0) | 0.9 (0.3, 2.8) |
| Race | ||
| Black | 31 (28) | 448 (30) |
| Hispanic | 24 (22) | 191 (13) |
| Asian | 10 (9) | 139 (9) |
| White | 35 (32) | 683 (45) |
| Other | 9 (8) | 57 (4) |
| ART class at eight‐month visita | ||
| NNRTI‐based | 77 (71) | 1086 (72) |
| Efavirenz | 74 (68) | 1010 (67) |
| Rilpivirine | 3 (3) | 71 (5) |
| Nevirapine/etravirine | 0 (0) | 5 (<1) |
| b/PI‐based | 22 (20) | 337 (22) |
| Atazanavir | 14 (13) | 181 (12) |
| Darunavir | 7 (6) | 126 (8) |
| Lopinavir | 1 (<1) | 19 (1) |
| Fosamprenavir | 0 (0) | 11 (<1) |
| INSTI‐basedb | 9 (8) | 76 (5) |
| Other/multiclass | 1 (<1) | 19 (1) |
| Education level | ||
| Less than high school (less than year 12 or “A” level) | 33 (30) | 448 (30) |
| High school or equivalent (year 12 or “A” level) | 22 (20) | 334 (22) |
| Completed vocational training | 11 (10) | 145 (10) |
| Some college/some university | 18 (17) | 262 (17) |
| Bachelor's/university/TAFE degree | 20 (18) | 248 (16) |
| Any post‐graduate education | 5 (5) | 81 (5) |
| HIV exposure | ||
| IDU | 1 (1) | 22 (1) |
| MSM | 73 (67) | 844 (56) |
| Heterosexual | 33 (30) | 572 (38) |
| Other | 2 (2) | 80 (5) |
| Region | ||
| Africa | 16 (15) | 341 (22) |
| Latin America | 37 (34) | 382 (25) |
| Europe/Israel | 26 (24) | 511 (34) |
| United States | 19 (17) | 123 (8) |
| Australia | 2 (2) | 36 (2) |
| Asia | 9 (8) | 125 (8) |
| HBV infection | 0 (0) | 44 (3) |
| HCV infection | 4 (4) | 51 (3) |
| BMI at baseline (kg/m2) | 24.4 (22.3, 29.3) | 24.5 (22.0, 27.8) |
| Current smoker (baseline) | 43 (39) | 476 (32) |
| CD4+ T cells at baseline (cells/mm3) | 658 (596, 760) | 649 (585, 769) |
| HIV RNA at baseline (copies/mL) | 9803 (3017, 34,178) | 13,411 (3382, 42,717) |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IDU, injection drug users; INSTI, integrase strand‐transfer inhibitor; IQR, inter‐quartile range; MSM, men who have sex with men; NNRTI, non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; VL, viral load.
aAll participants received a dual nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone; bINSTI‐based therapy was raltegravir based; only one participant was prescribed elvitegravir in the 100% adherence group.