Table 2.
Biomarkers of inflammation, immune activation, vascular inflammation and CD4+/CD8+ T‐cell ratio before and eight‐months after ART initiation (sample restricted to those with values at both time points in the immediate arm of START)
| Biomarker | Baseline | Eight‐month visit | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| na | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p‐value | |
| IL‐6 (pg/mL) | 1626 | 1.39 (0.98, 2.15) | 1.24 (0.84, 1.94) | <0.0001 |
| hsCRP (μg/mL) | 1626 | 1.86 (0.76, 4.15) | 1.82 (0.74, 4.66) | 0.005 |
| SAA (mg/L) | 1626 | 4.8 (2.6, 9.1) | 3.8 (2.1, 7.8) | <0.0001 |
| IL‐27 (pg/mL) | 1626 | 244 (123, 506) | 240 (111, 534) | 0.1 |
| sICAM (ng/mL) | 1626 | 543 (424, 693) | 477 (369, 611) | <0.0001 |
| sVCAM (ng/mL) | 1626 | 719 (556, 928) | 555 (439, 884) | <0.0001 |
| D‐dimer (μg/mL) | 1616 | 0.32 (0.22, 0.49) | 0.27 (0.19, 0.43) | <0.0001 |
| CD4+/CD8+ ratio | 1606 | 0.66 (0.49, 0.89) | 0.98 (0.74, 1.28) | <0.0001 |
p‐values are from Wilcoxon Signed rank test, based on individuals who had available biomarker data at both baseline and eight month visits. ART, antiretroviral therapy; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; IL‐27, interleukin 27; IL‐6, interleukin 6; IQR, interquartile range; SAA, serum amyloid A protein; sICAM, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1; sVCAM, soluble vascular adhesion molecule‐1.
a
Sample sizes may be smaller than what is reported in Table 1 due to missing data at the eight‐month visit.