. 2019 Feb 6;28(3):284–290. doi: 10.1159/000497611

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the patients

	No AF	Permanent/persistent AF	Paroxysmal AF	AF vs. no AF, p	AF vs. permanent/ persistent AF vs. paroxysmal AF, p
Age, years	64.30±11.85	69.30±9.96	66.13±11.73	0.153^a	0.220^c
BMI	26.62±3.89	26.96±5.25	25.70±4.67	0.787^a	0.594^c
Body surface area, m²	1.96±0.18	1.92±0.23	1.92±0.20	0.404^a	0.706^c
LVEF, %	51.46±9.51	49.52±13.55	54.33±13.47	0.947^a	0.389^c
EDD, mm	51.73±7.08	56.70±8.49	50.95±5.74	0.264^a	0.028^c
EDDI, mm/m²	26.39±3.85	29.01±3.93	26.76±4.04	0.143^a	0.073^c
ESD, mm	35.96±7.15	39.98±8.69	33.95±6.93	0.622^a	0.050^c
ESDI, mm/m²	18.32±3.61	20.42±4.03	17.90±4.37	0.426^a	0.114^c
LA, mm	40.81±4.14	49.55±7.16	40.32±7.28	0.087^a	0.001^c

LAI, mm/m²	20.90±2.51	25.97±5.12	21.79±4.72	0.035a	0.007^c
CHADSVASC score	4.24±1.46	4.30±1.23	3.71±0.95	0.402^a	0.191^c
RBC, 10¹²/L	4.48±0.67	4.42±0.51	4.38±0.65	0.533^a	0.801^c
Hb, g/L	146.0 (127.0–157.0)	137.0 (131.0–149.0)	129.5 (121.2–146.0)	0.122^b	0.130^d
HCT, L/L	40.32±5.64	40.44±4.29	39.64±5.21	0.817^a	0.205^c
WBC, 10⁹/L	9.3 (7.2–11.0)	8.7 (7.0–12.1)	10.0 (7.3–12.9)	0.666^b	0.661^d
PLT, 10⁹/L	213.0 (166.5–261.5)	232.0 (183.0–273.0)	235.0 (186.5–327.8)	0.219^b	0.333^d
Glucose, mmol/L	7.2 (5.6–9.4)	6.8 (5.8–9.2)	6.9 (5.5–8.5)	0.829^b	0.936^d
Creatinine,μmol/L	96.2 (83.0–140.0)	104.1 (90.5–132.4)	92.4 (82.7–121.8)	0.993^b	0.644^d
Urea, mmol/L	6.0 (4.7–10.4)	7.4 (5.6–10.4)	6.8 (5.0–10.8)	0.128^b	0.285^d

Cholesterol, mmol/L	5.1 (4.1–6.2)	5.3 (4.3–6.1)	5.5 (4.8–6.1)	0.956^b	0.801^d
LDL, mmol/L	3.38±1.18	3.27±1.12	3.49±1.11	0.998^a	0.789^c
HDL, mmol/L	1.0 (0.9–1.2)	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	1.0 (0.9–1.3)	0.719^b	0.799^d
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.5 (1.2–2.5)	1.3(1.2–2.0)	1.5 (1.2–2.0)	0.429^b	0.666^d
AST, U/L	28.0 (19.0–55.5)	23.0 (19.0–37.0)	23.5 (20.2–43.2)	0.402^b	0.685^d
ALT, U/L	23.0 (16.5–34.0)	20.0 (16.0–37.0)	20.0 (12.0–40.2)	0.507^b	0.675^d
hs-troponin I, ng/L	0.6 (0.1–5.5)	0.1 (0.1–0.4)	0.6 (0.3–4.0)	0.296^b	0.018^d
hs-CRP, mg/L	4.0 (2.1–10.0)	10.0(4.7–23.2)	7.6 (2.2–40.4)	0.007b	0.022^d
Fibrinogen, g/L	4.02±1.02	3.30±1.32	5.40±1.91	0.711^a	0.197^c
BNP, pg/mL	93.3 (38.7–334.0)	159.9 (92.1–524.1)	144.7 (68.8–838.9)	0.098^b	0.223^d
Galectin-3, ng/mL	8.41±2.76	10.53±2.79	9.33±2.68	0.011a	0.012^c

Data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). BMI, body mass index; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; EDD, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; EDDI, EDD index; ESD, left ventricle end-systolic diameter; ESDI, ESD index; LA, left atrium diameter; LAI, LA index; RBC, red blood cell count; WBC, white blood cell count; PLT, platelet count; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.

Student's t test.

Mann-Whitney U test

ANOVA

Kruskal-Wallis test.