Table 3.
Predictive performance of the number of positive markers for every threshold from 1 to 32 positive markers in DRE and FV DNAs
| No. Positive markers | Sample type | No. Pos/ No. cases | Sensitivity | 95% CI | No. Neg/ No. controls | Specificity | 95% CI | PPV | NPV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1of32 | DRE | '36/36 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '5/49 | 0.1 | (0.02, 0.19) | 0.45 | 1 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '2/35 | 0.06 | (− 0.02, 0.13) | 0.48 | 1 | |
| 2of32 | DRE | '36/36 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '9/49 | 0.18 | (0.08, 0.29) | 0.47 | 1 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '5/35 | 0.14 | (0.03, 0.26) | 0.5 | 1 | |
| 3of32 | DRE | '36/36 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '14/49 | 0.29 | (0.16, 0.41) | 0.5 | 1 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '7/35 | 0.2 | (0.07, 0.33) | 0.52 | 1 | |
| 4of32 | DRE | '34/36 | 0.94 | (0.87, 1.02) | '14/49 | 0.29 | (0.16, 0.41) | 0.49 | 0.87 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '9/35 | 0.26 | (0.11, 0.40) | 0.54 | 1 | |
| 5of32 | DRE | '34/36 | 0.94 | (0.87, 1.02) | '19/49 | 0.39 | (0.25, 0.52) | 0.53 | 0.9 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '13/35 | 0.37 | (0.21, 0.53) | 0.57 | 1 | |
| 6of32 | DRE | '34/36 | 0.94 | (0.87, 1.02) | '27/49 | 0.55 | (0.41, 0.69) | 0.6 | 0.93 |
| FV | '30/30 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | '16/35 | 0.46 | (0.29, 0.62) | 0.61 | 1 | |
| 7of32 | DRE | '33/36 | 0.92 | (0.83, 1.01) | '29/49 | 0.59 | (0.45, 0.73) | 0.62 | 0.91 |
| FV | '29/30 | 0.97 | (0.90, 1.03) | '18/35 | 0.51 | (0.35, 0.68) | 0.63 | 0.95 | |
| 8of32 | DRE | '32/36 | 0.89 | (0.79, 0.99) | '32/49 | 0.65 | (0.52, 0.79) | 0.65 | 0.89 |
| FV | '28/30 | 0.93 | (0.84, 1.02) | '23/35 | 0.66 | (0.50, 0.81) | 0.7 | 0.92 | |
| 9of32 | DRE | '30/36 | 0.83 | (0.71, 0.96) | '33/49 | 0.67 | (0.54, 0.80) | 0.65 | 0.84 |
| FV | '28/30 | 0.93 | (0.84, 1.02) | '25/35 | 0.71 | (0.56, 0.86) | 0.73 | 0.92 | |
| 10of32 | DRE | '29/36 | 0.81 | (0.68, 0.93) | '37/49 | 0.76 | (0.63, 0.88) | 0.71 | 0.85 |
| FV | '28/30 | 0.93 | (0.84, 1.02) | '27/35 | 0.77 | (0.63, 0.91) | 0.77 | 0.93 | |
| 11of32 | DRE | '29/36 | 0.81 | (0.68, 0.93) | '38/49 | 0.78 | (0.66, 0.89) | 0.73 | 0.85 |
| FV | '26/30 | 0.87 | (0.75, 0.99) | '28/35 | 0.8 | (0.67, 0.93) | 0.79 | 0.88 | |
| 12of32 | DRE | '28/36 | 0.78 | (0.64, 0.91) | '40/49 | 0.82 | (0.71, 0.92) | 0.76 | 0.84 |
| FV | '24/30 | 0.8 | (0.66, 0.94) | '30/35 | 0.86 | (0.74, 0.97) | 0.83 | 0.83 | |
| 13of32 | DRE | '26/36 | 0.72 | (0.58, 0.87) | '41/49 | 0.84 | (0.73, 0.94) | 0.77 | 0.81 |
| FV | '23/30 | 0.77 | (0.62, 0.92) | '30/35 | 0.86 | (0.74, 0.97) | 0.82 | 0.81 | |
| 14of32 | DRE | '24/36 | 0.67 | (0.51, 0.82) | '44/49 | 0.9 | (0.81, 0.98) | 0.83 | 0.79 |
| FV | '23/30 | 0.77 | (0.62, 0.92) | '31/35 | 0.89 | (0.78, 0.99) | 0.86 | 0.82 | |
| 15of32 | DRE | '22/36 | 0.61 | (0.45, 0.77) | '47/49 | 0.96 | (0.90, 1.01) | 0.92 | 0.77 |
| FV | '19/30 | 0.63 | (0.46, 0.81) | '32/35 | 0.91 | (0.82, 1.01) | 0.86 | 0.74 | |
| 16of32 | DRE | '20/36 | 0.56 | (0.39, 0.72) | '47/49 | 0.96 | (0.90, 1.01) | 0.91 | 0.75 |
| FV | '15/30 | 0.5 | (0.32, 0.68) | '34/35 | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.03) | 0.93 | 0.69 | |
| 17of32 | DRE | '17/36 | 0.47 | (0.31, 0.64) | '48/49 | 0.98 | (0.94, 1.02) | 0.94 | 0.72 |
| FV | '13/30 | 0.43 | (0.26, 0.61) | '34/35 | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.03) | 0.92 | 0.67 | |
| 18of32 | DRE | '12/36 | 0.33 | (0.18, 0.49) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.67 |
| FV | '13/30 | 0.43 | (0.26, 0.61) | '34/35 | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.03) | 0.92 | 0.67 | |
| 19of32 | DRE | '10/36 | 0.28 | (0.13, 0.42) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.66 |
| FV | '12/30 | 0.4 | (0.22, 0.58) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.66 | |
| 20of32 | DRE | '9/36 | 0.25 | (0.11, 0.39) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.65 |
| FV | '8/30 | 0.27 | (0.11, 0.42) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.62 | |
| 21of32 | DRE | '8/36 | 0.22 | (0.09, 0.36) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.64 |
| FV | '7/30 | 0.23 | (0.08, 0.38) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.6 | |
| 22of32 | DRE | '8/36 | 0.22 | (0.09, 0.36) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.64 |
| FV | '5/30 | 0.17 | (0.03, 0.30) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 | |
| 23of32 | DRE | '7/36 | 0.19 | (0.07, 0.32) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.63 |
| FV | '5/30 | 0.17 | (0.03, 0.30) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 | |
| 24of32 | DRE | '7/36 | 0.19 | (0.07, 0.32) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.63 |
| FV | '3/30 | 0.1 | (− 0.01, 0.21) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.57 | |
| 25of32 | DRE | '7/36 | 0.19 | (0.07, 0.32) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.63 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 26of32 | DRE | '7/36 | 0.19 | (0.07, 0.32) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.63 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 27of32 | DRE | '3/36 | 0.08 | (− 0.01, 0.17) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.6 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 28of32 | DRE | '2/36 | 0.06 | (− 0.02, 0.13) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 29of32 | DRE | '2/36 | 0.06 | (− 0.02, 0.13) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 30of32 | DRE | '2/36 | 0.06 | (− 0.02, 0.13) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 31of32 | DRE | '1/36 | 0.03 | (− 0.03, 0.08) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.59 |
| FV | '2/30 | 0.07 | (− 0.02, 0.16) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | 1 | 0.56 | |
| 32of32 | DRE | '0/36 | 0 | (0.00, 0.00) | '49/49 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | na | 0.58 |
| FV | '0/30 | 0 | (0.00, 0.00) | '35/35 | 1 | (1.00, 1.00) | na | 0.54 |
The 10of32 threshold to recommend a biopsy is shown in italic