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. 2019 Jun 21;10:1393. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01393

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Copyright © 2019 Chen, Liu, Chen, Hu, Zhang, Sun, Tang, Liu, Zhang, Ke, Wu and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ponatinib was identified to inhibit the production of three important cytokines associated with influenza-induced cytokine storm. U937 cells were infected with influenza A virus A/PuertoRico/8/1934 (MOI = 0.1) in the presence or absence of serially diluted of each compound and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The supernatants were harvested, and concentrations of IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1 were measured by AlphaLISA. Cell viability was also determined using Cell Titer-Glo. The kinetic curves of each compound were made using Prism v.5 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). The values represent the means ± S.D. of duplicate samples from three independent experiments.