Table 1.

SSM measures of performance (Kotiadis et al., 2013).

Measure	Description
Efficacy	The extent to which the transformation (as described in the conceptual model) is producing the outputs expected
Efficiency	The extent to which the output of the transformation process is obtained with minimum use of resources
Effectiveness	The extent to which the transformation meets the longer-term goals as outlined in the worldview
Ethicality	The extent to which the transformation process is morally correct
Elegance	The extent to which the transformation is aesthetically pleasing