Table 3.

Association between childhood stunting and blood pressure, and school achievement during adolescence (multivariate analysis).

		Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		Education attained (years)
Characteristic		Coefficient (95%CI)	p-value	Coefficient (95%CI)	p-value	Coefficient (95%CI)	p-value
Height- for- age change
Normal		Ref		Ref		Ref
Stunted all through		-2.90 (-6.41, 0.61)	0.10	-0.23 (-2.70, 2.22)	0.85	-2.82 (-5.48, -0.70)	0.04
Stunted but recovered		0.67 (-1.66, 3.00)	0.57	0.19 (-1.55, 1.92)	0.83	-1.04 (-2.97, 0.90)	0.29
Normal but later stunted		0.99 (-1.84, 3.84)	0.49	0.15 (-1.56, 1.87)	0.86	-0.12 (-2.09, 0.86)	0.90
Age groups (years)
13-14		Ref		Ref		Ref
15-16		0.67 (-1.66, 3,00)	0.57	-0.43 (-2.10, 1.23)	0.61	3.75 (1.91,5.56)	<0.01
17-19		0.99 (-0.92, -1.84)	0.49	0.60 (-1.35, 2.50)	0.54	4.91(2.79,6.87)	<0.01
Sex
Male		Ref		Ref
Female		-0.36 (-2.23, 1.50)	0.70	2.20 (0.69, 3.72)	0.01	0.87 (-0.69, 2.42)	0.28
Education
Incomplete primary		Ref		Ref
Completed primary		2.13 (-0.59, 4.85)	0.12	0.02 (-1.89, 1.94)	0.98
Post primary		-0.06 (-2.51, 2.46)	0.98	-0.42 (-2.2, 1.37)	0.65
Tribe
Muganda		Ref		Ref		Ref
Other		-2.14 (-4.40, 0.12)	0.06	-0.24 (-1.94, 1.46)	0.27	1.17 (-0.61, 2.95)	0.19
Wall type
Concrete and brick		Ref		Ref		Ref
Mud and brick		1.49 (-1.38, 4.37)	0.31	-1.18 (-2.91, 0.54)	0.17	0.08 (-1.98,-2.16)	0.87
Mud and pole		0.65 (-1.44, 2.85)	0.54	-0.28(-1.83, 1.27)	0.72	0.23 (-1.43, 1.90)	0.78
Reported alcohol consumption							0.29
No	Ref			Ref
Yes	6.57 (2.30, 10.84)		<0.01	2.34 (-0.37, 5.05)	0.09	Ref -1.15 (-3.30, 1.01)	0.29
Physical activity per week
None	Ref			Ref		Ref
1-3 times	1.17 (-1.51, 3.86)		0.39	0.33 (-1.50, 2.17)	0.72	-1.38 (-3.38, 0.62)	0.17
4 or more times	0.12 (-2.58, 2.83)		0.92	1.34 (-0.57, 3.26)	0.17	-2.28 (-4.42, -0.14)	0.04