Fig. 1.

Schematic overview of study. Each step resembles a phase during the study. In step 1 a CMR scan was made to assess the location of myocardial scar tissue (patients 1–3). In step 2 scar identification and contraction timing analysis was performed on CMR images (patients 4–6). In step 3 a CT scan was added to identify the left phrenic nerve and coronary sinus ostium (patients 7–9). In step 1–3 the feasibility of CARTBox was tested for identification and live visualization of the structures. In step 4, steps 1–3 were combined and used for real-time image-guidance of left ventricular lead placement (patients 10–15). CMR cardiac magnetic resonance, CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy, CT computed tomography