. 2019 Jun 18;13(6):e0007455. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007455

Table 3. Observed (O) and expected (E) species density frequency distributions of helminth-intestinal protozoa parasites in human hosts.

Study [reference]	O/E	total (n)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	X² Statistic	p-value
Chin et al., 2016 [95]	O	186	41	75	51	18	1	0											12.111	0.033^*
	E		26	84	60	14	1	0
Al-Mekhlafi et al., 2016 [89]	O	1218	680	422	103	12	1	0	0	0									1.560	0.980
	E		671	436	100	10	0	0	0	0
Mekonnen et al., 2016 [110]	O	1021	489	405	114	13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0						20.534	0.025^*
	E		456	465	92	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bless et al., 2015 [91]	O	228	68	83	52	19	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0			13.593	0.403
	E		56	97	57	16	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ahmad et al., 2014 [86]	O	131	118	11	2	0	0	0	0										1.651	0.949
	E		117	14	1	0	0	0	0
Ferreira et al., 2015 [47]	O	444	59	127	178	69	11	0	0	0	0	0	0						8.714	0.559
	E		46	151	167	71	9	0	0	0	0	0	0
Munoz-Antoli et al., 2014 [112]	O	382	27	56	79	78	65	36	25	11	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	152.890	<0.001^*
	E		5	34	84	109	86	45	16	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Schar et al., 2014 [116]	O	218	27	64	72	36	15	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		4.154	0.994
	E		21	68	74	40	12	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Al-Delaimy et al., 2014 [88]	O	498	8	140	189	88	54	19	0										89.734	<0.001^*
	E		5	114	207	132	36	4	0
Boonjaraspinyo et al., 2013 [92]	O	253	159	79	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0					2.186	0.998
	E		156	85	11	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Verhagen et al., 2013 [119]	O	390	126	122	89	46	7	0	0										29.274	<0.001^*
	E		97	159	100	30	4	0	0
Goncalves et al., 2011 [102]	O	133	94	30	9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0							15.201	0.086
	E		71	48	12	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nematian et al., 2008 [113]	O	19209	15675	3150	365	19	0	0	0	0	0	0							134.055	<0.001^*
	E		15519	3453	231	6	0	0	0	0	0	0
Al-Agha et al., 2000 [87]	O	209	119	77	10	3	0	0											5.797	0.327
	E		120	74	15	1	0	0
Gamboa et al., 1998 [101]	O	292	132	96	37	19	6	1	1	0	0	0							51.209	<0.001^*
	E		105	124	51	10	1	0	0	0	0	0
Chunge et al., 1991 [97]	O	1129	212	250	234	230	134	52	13	4	0	0	0	0					240.781	<0.001^*
	E		99	299	362	239	98	27	5	1	0	0	0	0
Holland et al., 1987 [53]	O	140	65	34	23	17	1	0	0										40.890	<0.001^*
	E		45	59	29	6	1	0	0
Annan et al., 1986 [90]	O	422	126	130	97	47	21	1	0	0	0	0	0	0					76.434	<0.001^*
	E		83	172	121	39	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0

* Indicates statistical significance (p<0.05)