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. 2019 Jun 21;10:745. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00745

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Copyright © 2019 Coppola, Diretto, Digilio, Woo, Giuliano, Molisso, Pennacchio, Lorito and Rao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proposed summary of transcriptomic and metabolomics changes imposed by T. harzianum T22 colonization on tomato plants responsible of the promoted direct and indirect defense responses against aphids. Starting from the left side, phenylpropanoid, and SA pathways cover a central role in T22-induced defenses at transcriptional (up) and metabolomics (down) levels. Promoted pathways are the source of MeSA, a volatile compound responsible of the increased attractiveness toward the parasitoid wasp A. ervi.