Figure 1.

(a) Trial from condition 1. Participants studied the target face from three different angles and then identified the target from two distractors. (b) Study stimuli for conditions 2 and 3. Participants reviewed the six target faces for 20 s. (c) Test stimuli for condition 2, with target faces in a novel pose/lighting. (d) Test stimuli for condition 3, with target faces in a novel pose/lighting and added Gaussian noise.