Table 2.
Participant demographic information.
| Measure | Children |
p | Adolescents |
p | Adults |
p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autism |
TD |
Autism |
TD |
Autism |
TD |
||||||||||
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ||||
| N | 24 | 29 | 23 | 23 | 19 | 28 | |||||||||
| Gender | 21 M, 3 F | 23 M, 6 F | 19 M, 4 F | 19 M, 4 F | 18 M, 1 F | 23 M, 5 F | |||||||||
| Age | 11.2 | 1.7 | 11.4 | 1.4 | 0.68 | 15.3 | 1.5 | 15.4 | 1.5 | 0.87 | 24.2 | 4.9 | 24.0 | 5.3 | 0.94 |
| Verbal IQ | 108.7 | 13.0 | 105.6 | 10.9 | 0.35 | 106.3 | 13.2 | 108.4 | 12.0 | 0.58 | 109.8 | 13.0 | 109.4 | 11.4 | 0.92 |
| Performance IQ | 114.4 | 13.3 | 107.5 | 13.3 | 0.07a | 107.1 | 13.1 | 107.1 | 8.9 | 0.99 | 110.3 | 15.9 | 112.0 | 12.2 | 0.67 |
| Full-scale IQ | 112.8 | 12.9 | 107.5 | 12.6 | 0.l4a | 107.7 | 13.3 | 108.6 | 8.5 | 0.79 | 111.3 | 14.6 | 112.1 | 11.7 | 0.85 |
| ADOS | |||||||||||||||
| Communication | 3.4 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 1.2 | 4.4 | 1.5 | |||||||||
| Social | 7.6 | 1.8 | 8.0 | 2.3 | 8.6 | 2.5 | |||||||||
| Full-scale | 11.0 | 2.9 | 11.9 | 3.2 | 13.0 | 3.4 | |||||||||
| Calibrated severity score | 6.6 | 1.6 | 6.7 | 1.6 | 7.6 | 1.6 | |||||||||
| ADI-R | |||||||||||||||
| Social | 19.0 | 5.9 | 20.0 | 5.3 | 22.1 | 3.7 | |||||||||
| Communication | 16.3 | 3.9 | 15.4 | 3.8 | 16.8 | 4.1 | |||||||||
| Behavior | 6.4 | 2.1 | 6.1 | 2.4 | 6.4 | 2.6 | |||||||||
| Abnormality | 3.3 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 3.0 | l.l | |||||||||
IQ: intelligence quotient; TD: typically developing; ADOS: Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; ADI-R: Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised; SD: standard deviation.
a
Using a cut-off of p > 0.20 for accepting the null hypothesis, only two trends emerged, both in the child group. These trends hinted at higher performance IQ and full-scale IQ scores in the children with autism as compared to the TD children.