Reduced weight-bearing and/or low-dose radiation lowers collagen content (panels A and C) and increases MMP-13 presence (panels B and D) within articular cartilage vs. ground-sham. (n = 5–7 individuals per group), compared using two-way ANOVA, with P values from Tukey’s post hoc analysis presented (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). Other than treatments vs. ground-sham, no inter-group comparisons showed significant differences.