Effect of RCAN1.4 expression on activated HSC-T6 cells. (A) Protein and (B) mRNA levels of RCAN1.4, COL1a1, and α-SMA. (C) Relative cell viability of HSC-T6 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. (D) Cell cycle of HSC-T6 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. (E) Expression of cell-cycle-related protein C-Myc and Cyclin D1. (F) Effect of RCAN1.4 on apoptosis of TGF-β1-activated HSC-T6 cells was determined by flow cytometry. Representative images of three independent experiments are shown. (G) Expression levels of apoptosis-associated proteins (Bax, Bcl2 and cleaved-caspase3 protein). ***p<0.001, #p<0.05, ##p<0.01, ###p<0.001, as indicated. Representative images of three independent experiments are shown. For all panels, data represent the mean ± s.e.m. for 3-4 independent experiments in vitro.