Table 3.
Study | Bivariate association | Multivariate association | Control variables |
---|---|---|---|
Chang et al. (2016) | – | Standardised B = 0.15⁎⁎⁎ | Demographic variables, parental bonding, personality characteristics, mental disorder |
De Berardis (2008) | r = 0.62* | r = 0.75⁎⁎⁎ | Demographic variables |
De Berardis (2017) | r = 0.80* | r = 0.72⁎⁎⁎ | Demographic variables |
Hamilton (2003) | r = 0.53⁎⁎⁎ | R2 change = 0.06⁎⁎ | Anxiety |
Hintikka et al. (2004) | OR: 1.06 (95% CI = 1.05–1.08)* | OR: 1.03 (95% CI = 1.01–1.05)* | Demographic variables, psychosocial and economic risk factors, depression |
Kim et al. (2016) | r = 0.36⁎⁎⁎ | r = 0.31⁎⁎ | Depression |
Wood et al. (2010) | Unstandardized B = 0.35* | Unstandardized B = 0.02† | Depression, hopelessness, worthlessness |
*p<.05.
**p<.01.
***p<.001.
Non significant.