Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of studied women.
| CpG methylation in adipocytes |
Gene expression in WAT |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertrophy (n = 42) | Hyperplasia (n = 36) | Pb | Hypertrophy (n = 60) | Hyperplasia (n = 53) | Pb | |
| Age (y's) | 45 ± 13 | 39 ± 11 | 0.045 | 44 ± 12 | 41 ± 10 | 0.13 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33 ± 9 | 29 ± 9 | 0.021 | 34 ± 9 | 33 ± 10 | 0.43 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 129 ± 15 | 124 ± 19 | 0.136 | 128 ± 17 | 127 ± 17 | 0.91 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 78 ± 7 | 75 ± 9 | 0.076 | 78 ± 8 | 77 ± 9 | 0.14 |
| fP-Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.17 ± 0.47 | 4.72 ± 0.40 | 8 × 10−5 | 5.32 ± 0.72 | 4.99 ± 0.53 | 0.011 |
| fS-Insulin (mU/l) | 11.99 ± 8.87 | 5.77 ± 3.99 | 3 × 10−5 | 12.79 ± 9.16 | 8.29 ± 6.28 | 0.0028 |
| HOMAIR | 2.82 ± 2.25 | 1.21 ± 0.85 | 8.6 × 10−6 | 3.09 ± 2.36 | 1.89 ± 1.59 | 0.0011 |
| Spontaneous lipolysis (μmol glycerol/2 h/g lipid) | 7.4 ± 6.7 | 3.3 ± 3.0 | 0.0004 | 7.0 ± 6.7 | 4.6 ± 5.0 | 0.0197 |
| Total Cholesterol, mmol/l | 5.16 ± 0.99 | 4.52 ± 0.84 | 0.0038 | 5.18 ± 0.85 | 4.51 ± 0.86 | 2.7 × 10−5 |
| fP-HDL Cholesterol, mmol/l | 1.36 ± 0.39 | 1.61 ± 0.40 | 0.004 | 1.36 ± 0.40 | 1.49 ± 0.39 | 0.048 |
| fP-Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.51 ± 0.85 | 0.92 ± 0.49 | 0.0004 | 1.57 ± 0.86 | 1.05 ± 0.61 | 0.0002 |
| Adipose morphology (delta)a | 145 ± 114 | −122 ± 99 | 4 × 10−14 | 143 ± 106 | −121 ± 93 | 6 × 10−20 |
a
Difference between average fat cell volume and expected volume for specific total body fat, see methods for detail.
b
Wilcoxon test was used to compare clinical and biochemical variables between groups. Values are mean ± SD.