APC	Adenomatous polyposis coli
APC/C	Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome
BMP	Bone morphogenetic protein
CDK	Cyclin-dependent kinase
CHIP	Hsc70-interacting protein
CK1	Casein kinase 1
CRC	Colorectal cancer
CRLs	Cullin-RING ligases
DCAF13	DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 13
DDB1	DNA damage binding protein 1
DTT	DNA damage tolerance
E3	Ub ligase
EC cells	embryonic carcinoma cells
EG cells	Embryonic germ cells
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ENK	Arly embryo specific NK
ES cells	Embryonic stem cells
FBXW8	F-box and WD40 domain-containing protein 8
FGF2	Fibroblast growth factor
FZD	ubiquitinates Frizzled
GSK3	Glycogen synthase kinase 3
H2B-K120Ub1	K120 residue of Histone H2B can be monoubiquitylated
HACE1	HECT domain and ankyrin-repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1
HECT	homologous to E6-AP COOH terminus
hESCs	Human ES cells
HIF-1α	Hypoxia inducible factor 1α
hUREB	Human upstream regulatory element binding protein
ICM	Inner cell mass
IDs	Inhibitors of differentiation
IKK	Inhibitors of I-κB kinase
iPSCs	Induced pluripotent stem cells
LIF	Leukemia inhibitory factor
LRP5/6	low-density-lipoprotein-related protein 5/6
MCL1	Myeloid cell leukemia 1
MDM2	Mouse double minute 2
mESCs	Mouse ES cells
MMR	Mismatch repair
MSCs	Mesenchymal stem cells
MSI	Microsatellite instability
NADH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
OC	Osteocalcin
Oct4	Octamer-binding transcription factor-4
OPN/SPP1	Osteopontin
OS	Osteosarcoma
PCNA	Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
POUh	POU homeo-domain
POUs	POU-specific domain
PRC1	Polycomb repressive complex 1
PTEN	Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10
pVHL	von Hippel-Lindau protein
RA	Retinoic acid
RARα	Retinoic acid receptor alpha
RBR	RING between RING
RBX1	RING-box protein 1
RhoGDI2	Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2
RING	Really Interesting New Gene
RIP1	Receptor interacting protein 1
RTK	Receptor tyrosine kinase
RNF6	RING-type E3 ring finger protein 6
RNF43	Ubiquitin E3 ligase ring finger 43
SATB1	Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1
SCF	Skp1/Cul1/F-box
SHN3	Zinc finger-containing adaptor Schnurri-3
Smurf1	Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 11
Sox2	SRY-related HMG Box 2
SPOP	Speckle-type POZ protein
Tcf/Lef	T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factors
TLS	Translesion DNA synthesis
TRAF6	NF receptor-associated factor 6
Ub	Ubiquitin
Uba/E1	Ub-activating enzyme
UBC/E2	Ub-conjugating enzyme
Ube2s	E2 ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme E2S
WSB1	WD repeat and SOCS box containing 1