Figure 2.

Overview of main approaches to ALS treatment. The therapies studied can be divided into seven general groups, mainly based on pathophysiological models of the disease. The groups include anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-excitotoxicitory, anti-oxidant, anti-aggregation, neurotrophic growth factor, and neuroprotective approaches, which all can be classified as pharmacological interventions. Additionally, a separate non-pharmacological group of stem cell therapies is discussed.