Table 1.

The major transcription factor (TF) families involved in plant defenses.

TF Families	Descriptions
AP2/ERF	The proteins in this family contain an AP2/ERF DNA-binding domain that consists of three β-sheet strands followed by an α-helix motif [106].
bHLH	This family is characterized by a basic-helix-loop-helix domain containing an N-terminal basic DNA-binding region and a C-terminal protein-interaction domain [107].
MYB	This family is characterized by the presence of four repeat sequences, each containing three α-helices [108]
NAC	NAC TFs each contain a conserved DNA-binding domain on their N-termini and an activation domain on their C-termini [109].
WRKY	The WRKY TFs contain WRKY domains having the typical WRKYGQK sequence followed by a zinc finger motif [110].
bZIP	The bZIP proteins contain a basic region for DNA binding and a leucine zipper region for protein dimerization [111]