Table 1.

The effect of deep eutectic solvents (DES) on different organisms.

Organism	Effect of DES	Reference
Bacteria	DES composed of choline chloride (ChCl) was not toxic	[7,8]
Marine organisms	Hydra sinensis: ChCl based DES led to the decomposition of their bodies Brine shrimp: DES was lethal and toxic	[8]
Human cells (cancer cells)	Disrupts the cell membranes and decreases the proliferation of cancer cells	[9]
Plants	Decreases chlorophyll and causes disequilibrium in the homeostasis and cell walls of plant cells	[10]
Mice	Urea type of DES causes death at high levels	[11]