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. 2019 Jun 10;116(26):13042–13050. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1900762116

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Viroid accumulation and pathogenicity in dcl mutant fungal strains. (A) Phenotypic growth of wild-type (wt) and dcl mutants of F. graminearum infected with HSVd. Fungi were grown on PDA medium (6-cm plate) for 3 d and photographed. (B) Disease severities on maize seedlings induced by infection of the fungal strain described in A. Seedlings were photographed 7 d after inoculation. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of HSVd accumulation in F. graminearum dcl mutants. **P < 0.01 (Student’s t test). (D) Phenotypic growth and virulence on apple of wt and dcl2 mutants of C. parasitica infected with ASBVd and wt C. parasitica coinfected with ASBVd and CHV1. Fungi were grown on PDA medium for 3 d and photographed. Fungal lesions on apples were photographed 5 d after inoculation. (E) Fungal lesion area measured on inoculated apple described in D. (F) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of ASBVd accumulation in C. parasitica strains described in D. **P < 0.01 (Student’s t test).