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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2016 Apr 29;174(1):71–81. doi: 10.1007/s12011-016-0705-4

Table 3.

Adjusted mean (SE) mean arterial pressure (MAP) for the third trimester of pregnancy, according to U-Cd tertiles after stratification by micronutrients daily intake, Seattle and Tacoma, WA, 1996–2002

Calcium Magnesium Zinc Selenium
U-Cd tertiles (μg/g Cr) Adjusted Mean (SE) Mean difference (95% CI) Adjusted Mean (SE) Mean difference (95% CI) Adjusted Mean (SE) Mean difference (95% CI) Adjusted Mean (SE) Mean difference (95% CI)
Low micronutrient intake (mg/day)1
≤0.21 86.2 ± 0.6 0.0 (Reference) 86.1±0.7 0.0 (Reference) 86.33 ± 0.63 0.0 (Reference) 85.65 ± 0.63 0.0 (Reference)
0.22–0.41 85.7 ± 0.7 −0.26 (−2.2, 1.68) 86.0 ± 0.7 0.1 (−1.87, 2.07) 84.94 ± 0.68 1.4 (−3.28, 0.47) 85.6 ± 0.66 −0.03 (−1.9, 1.8)
≥0.42 84.8 ± 0.65 −1.3 (−3.12, 0.51) 84.9 ± 0.65 −0.9 (−2.8, 0.96) 84.89 ± 0.67 −1.20 (−3.04, 0.64) 84.9 ± 0.65 −0.42 (−2.23, 1.40)
High micronutrient intake (mg/day)2
≤0.21 86.9 ± 0.65 0.0 (Reference) 87.0±0.6 0.0 (Reference) 86.7 ± 0.64 0.0 (Reference) 87.4 ± 0.64 0.0 (Reference)
0.22–0.41 85.8 ± 0.64 −1.2 (−3.1, 0.6) 85.5 ± 0.6 −1.6 (−3.3, 0.22) 86.4 ± 0.65 −0.37 (−2.2, 1.46) 85.9 ± 0.67 −1.42 (−3.3, 0.44)
≥0.42 84.01 ± 0.74 −2.5 (−4.5, −0.5)a 83.9 ± 0.7 −2.98 (−4.9, −1.04)b 84.04 ± 0.70 −2.63 (−4.5, −0.7)c 83.9 ± 0.72 −3.6 (−5.5, −1.60)d
1

Adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, parity, smoking, prenatal vitamin use family history of hypertension, GDM case, calories intake and physical activity for women with low micronutrients daily intake as follows: calcium (≤1100 mg, N=280); magnesium (≤276 mg, N=281); zinc (≤11 mg, N=259) and selenium (≤99 mg; N=286).

2

Adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, parity, smoking, prenatal vitamin use, family history of hypertension, GDM case, calories intake and physical activity for women with micronutrient high intake: calcium (>1100 mg, N=269); magnesium (>276 mg, N=268); zinc (>11 mg, N=290) and selenium (>99 mg; N=263).

a

P-value= 0.013

b

P-value=0.003

c

P-value=0.008

d

P-value<0.001