Table 5.

Unnatural cause mortality^a in unipolar depression [171 deaths out of an overall sample of 20 320 people (0.8%)]

		Deaths (%)	Rateb	(95% CI)	Crude sHR			Adjusted sHRc
					sHR	(95% CI)	p value	sHR	(95% CI)	p value
Ethnicity	White British	1.01	2.2	(1.9–2.6)	REF			REF
	Irish	1.32	2.8	(1.5–5.3)	1.29	(0.68–2.45)	0.78	1.14	(0.59–2.20)	0.69
	Black Caribbean	0.24	0.5	(0.2–1.1)	0.25	(0.12–0.53)	<0.001	0.30	(0.14–0.66)	0.002
	Black African	0.48	1.0	(0.5–2.0)	0.50	(0.25–0.98)	0.042	0.64	(0.32–1.27)	0.20
	South Asian	0.94	2.1	(1.0–4.5)	1.00	(0.47–2.14)	1.00	1.15	(0.54–2.47)	0.71
	Chinese	0.85	2.1	(0.3–14.7)	0.96	(0.13–6.91)	0.97	1.28	(0.18–9.37)	0.81
Sex	Female	0.58	1.2	(1.0–1.6)	REF			REF
	Male	1.33	3.0	(2.4–3.6)	2.13	(1.71–3.14)	<0.0001	1.99	(1.45–2.73)	<0.0001
Relationship status	Married/cohabiting	1.11	2.1	(1.5–2.9)	REF			REF
	Divorced/separated	0.86	1.8	(1.2–2.7)	0.84	(0.49–1.45)	0.54	0.78	(0.45–1.34)	0.36
	Single	0.76	1.6	(1.3–2.0)	0.77	(0.51–1.16)	0.22	0.83	(0.55–1.24)	0.37
	Widowed	1.14	2.9	(1.8–4.5)	1.06	(0.60–1.86)	0.85	0.88	(0.46–1.69)	0.70
	Civil partnership	0.79	2.9	(1.7–4.7)	1.11	(0.60–2.02)	0.74	0.75	(0.41–1.36)	0.34
Comorbid anxiety	No comorbid anxiety	0.87	1.9	(1.6–2.2)	REF			REF
	Comorbid anxiety	0.73	1.6	(0.8–3.0)	0.87	(0.44–1.70)	0.68	0.83	(0.42–1.62)	0.58
Substance misuse	No alcohol/substance misuse	0.77	1.7	(1.4–2.0)	REF			REF
	Alcohol/substance misuse	1.47	3.1	(2.2–4.2)	1.92	(1.34–2.75)	p < 0.0001	1.77	(1.20–2.62)	0.004
Area level deprivation	Most deprived fifth	0.99	2.1	(1.6–2.9)	1.04	(0.93–1.16)	0.51d	1.01	(0.90–1.12)	0.90d
		0.57	1.2	(0.8–1.9)
		0.88	1.7	(1.2–2.5)
		0.91	2.0	(1.5–2.8)
	Least deprived fifth	0.94	2.2	(1.6–3.0)

^aSub-hazard ratios (sHRs) for mortality from unnatural-cause competing with natural-causes mortality.

^bCrude rates per 1000 person-years.

^cAdjusted for age and all other variables in table.

^dLinear trend association with mortality, per increase in are-level deprivation (fifths).

p values are from Wald tests.