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Effect of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 2′-O-methylation on translation elongation. (A) m6A methylates one of two hydrogens on N6, whereas 2′-O-methylation occurs on 2′-OH of RNA ribose. (B) m6A inhibits initial codon–anticodon helix formation after binding of the cognate tRNA to the translating ribosome. 2′-O-methylation inhibits dynamics of hydrogen bonding between rRNA-monitoring bases and the mRNA–tRNA helix.
