Table 2.
Oligonucleotide primers used in this study.
| Genes | Target/primer | Sequences (5′-3′) | Size (bp) | PCR conditions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16S rRNA gene | 16S rRNA | F: TGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTG | 356 | Denaturation 95°C for 4 min, 30 cycles at 95°C 30s, 58°C 60s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C 10 min | [20] |
| R: TTAAGAAACCGCCTGCGC | |||||
| Species specific genes | E. faecalis | F: CACCTGAAGAAACAGGC | 475 | Denaturation 95°C for 4 min, 30 cycles at 95°C for 30 s, 55°C 60s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C for 7 min | [21] |
| R: ATGGCTACTTCAATTTCACG | |||||
| E. faecium | F: GAGTAAATCACTGAACGA | 1091 | |||
| R: CGCTGATGGTATCGATTCAT | |||||
| E. durans | F: TTATGTCCCWGTWTTGAAAAATCAA | 295 | [22] | ||
| R: TGAATCATATTGGTATGCAGTCCG | |||||
| E. gallinarum | F: GGTATCAAGGAAACCTC | 173 | |||
| R: CTTCCGCCATCATAGCT | |||||
| E. hirae | F: CTTTCTGATATGGATGCTGTC | 187 | |||
| R: TAAATTCTTCCTTAAATGTTG | |||||
| E. mundtii | F: CAGACATGGATGCTATTCCATCT | 98 | Denaturation 95°C for 4 min, 30 cycles at 95°C for 30 s, 60°C 60s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C for 7 min | ||
| R: GCCATGATTTTCCAGAAGAAT | |||||
| E. casseliflavus | F: TCCTGAATTAGGTGAAAAAAC | 288 | Denaturation 95°C for 4 min, 30 cycles at 95°C for 30 s, 55°C 60s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C for 7 min | ||
| R: GCTAGTTTACCGTCTTTAACG | |||||
| E. avium | F: GCTGCGATTGAAAAATATCCG | 368 | Denaturation 95°C for 4 min, 30 cycles at 95°C for 30 s, 55°C 60s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C for 7 min | ||
| R: AAGCCAATGATCGGTGTTTTT | |||||
|
| |||||
| Vancomycin resistance genes | vanA | F: GGGAAAACGACAATTGC | 732 | Denaturation 94°C 3 min, 30 cycles at 94°C 60 s, 54°C 60 s, 72°C 60 s, and 72°C 10 min | [21] |
| R: GTACAATGCGGCCGTTA | |||||
| vanB | F: ACGGAATGGGAAGCCGA | 647 | |||
| R: TGCACCCGATTTCGTTC | |||||
| vanC1/2 | F: ATGGATTGGTAYTKGTAT | 815/827 | |||
| R: TAGCGGGAGTGMCYMGTAA | |||||
| Tetracycline resistance genes | msrA/B | F: GCAAATGGTGTAGGTAAGACAACT | 400 | Denaturation 95°C 180 s, 35 cycles at 93°C 30 s, 55°C 120 s, and 72°C 90 s | [13] |
| R: ATCATGTGATGTAAACAAAAT | |||||
| mefA | F: AGTATCATTAATCACTAGTGC | 348 | |||
| R: TTCTTCTGGTACTAAAAGTGG | |||||
| tetL | F: ATAAATTGTTTCGGGTCGGTAT | 1107 | |||
| R: AACCAGCCAACTAATGACAATGAT | |||||
| tetK | F: TATTTTGGCTTTGTATTCTTTCAT | 1159 | Denaturation 95°C 60s, 35 cycles at 50°C 60 s, 72°C 30 s, and 72°C 300 s | ||
| R: GCTATACCTGTTCCCTCTGATAA | |||||
| tetM | F: GCAGAATATACCATTCACATCGAAGT | 700 | Denaturation 95°C for 60s, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 15s, 60°C for 60s, and 72°C for 60s | [17] | |
| R: AAACCAATGGAAGCCCAGAA | |||||
|
| |||||
| Virulence genes | asa1 | F: GCACGCTATTACGAACTATGA | 375 | Denaturation 95°C 3 min, 30 cycles at 95°C 30s, 56°C 30s, 72°C 60s, and 72°C 10 min | [23] |
| R: TAAGAAAGAACATCACCACGA | |||||
| gelE | F: TATGACAATGCTTTTTGGGAT | 213 | |||
| R: AGATGCACCCGAAATAATATA | |||||
| cylA | F: ACTCGGGGATTGATAGGC | 688 | |||
| R: GCTGCTAAAGCTGCGCTT | |||||
| esp | F: AGATTTCATCTTTGATTCTTGG | 510 | |||
| R: AATTGATTCTTTAGCATCTGG | |||||
| hyl | F: ACAGAAGAGCTGCAGGAAATG | 278 | |||
| R: GACTGACGTCCAAGTTTCCAA | |||||