Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Nov 22;99:160–197. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.11.010

Table 4.

Double- or Triple-Blinded Human Trial Characteristics.

Lifespan Stage n Studies
Reportin
g/n Total		 M SD Range %
Total
Age, years
Infant/Child 7/7 0.414 .923 0-4 -
Young/Middle-Aged Adult 32/32 38.2 11.1 18-65 -
Older Adult 5/5 70.2 7.0 48-95 -
Subjects in probiotic treatment arm, n
Infant/Child 7/7 92.7 71.8 20-238 -
Young/Middle-Aged Adult 32/32 51.5 50.1 12-212 -
Older Adult 4/5 43.8 55.0 30-125 -
Probiotic treatment duration, days
Infant/Child 6/7 93.2 63.6 28-201 -
Young/Middle-Aged Adult 32/32 61.2 59.3 14-336 -
Older Adult 5/5 54.3 34.5 21-84 -
Probiotic dosage, CFU
Infant/Child 7/7 7.7 × 108 1.9 × 109 1 × 106 – 1 × 1010 -
Young/Middle-Aged Adult 31/32 3.4 × 1010 8.8 × 1010 1 × 107 – 3 × 1011 -
Older Adult 5/5 2.3 × 1011 4.5 × 1011 1 × 108 – 4.5 × 1011 -
Sex, % males
Infant/Child 6/7 - - - 51.9
Young/Middle-Aged Adult 32/32 - - - 31.5
Older Adult 5/5 - - - 38.7