Table 1.

Relationship between task features and neurobiology implicated in decision-making assays involving an assessment of uncertainty^a

Task type	Task feature present			Neurobiology implicated in risky choice
	Loss	Contingency shift	Utility matched	BLA	lOFC	mPFC	DA
rIGT	✓			?	—b	?	?
rGT	✓			↑	—	↓	c
RDT	✓	✓		↑	↓	?	✓
PDT		✓		↓	—	↑↓d	✓
rBT		✓	✓	—	↑	—	✓

^a Symbols are used to indicate whether risky choice is increased (↑), decreased (↓), or unaffected (—) by inactivation or silencing of the BLA, lateral OFC, or regions of the mPFC. The last column provides a somewhat crude overview of whether DA plays a strong role in mediating choice, based on the effects of acute or chronic pharmacological challenges with specific dopaminergic agents (i.e., not just psychostimulants, which can act on a multitude of neurochemical signaling systems).

^b This is inferred from cFos staining, rather than inactivation/lesion experiments.

^c The cued version of the rGT is sensitive to D₃ receptor agonists and antagonists.

^d The presence of both upward and downward arrows signifies that risky choice can be both increased and decreased by targeting different DA receptor subtypes, particularly in frontal cortex, such that a simple linear relationship between DA tone and risky choice is unlikely.