TABLE 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics by disease course at baseline visit

	HC	RR-MS	P-MS
Sample size, number	39	61	39
Percent female	28 (71.8%)	43 (70.5%)	29 (74.4%)
Age, years
Baseline	46.4 ± 12.7	44.7 ± 11.1	56.0 ± 6.1
Follow-up	52.2 ± 12.7	50.7 ± 11.2	62.2 ± 6.0
Disease duration, years
Baseline	—	13.2 ± 8.7	21.3 ± 10.4
Follow-up	—	19.2 ± 8.9	27.3 ± 10.2
BMI, kg/m2a
Baseline BMI	27.0 ± 6.1	28.1 ± 6.3	26.0 ± 3.9
Normal/overweight/obese	45%/31%/24%	47%/25%/28%	46%/44%/10%
Follow-up BMI	26.6 ± 6.7	28.8 ± 7.9	26.5 ± 4.7
Normal/overweight/obese	55%/24%/21%	33%/35%/32%	39%/41%/21%
EDSS, median (IQR)b
Baseline	—	2.5 (2.0)	5.0 (3.0)
Follow-up	—	2.5 (1.5)	6.0 (2.8)
TC, mg/dl
Baseline	207 ± 42	210 ± 39	214 ± 35
Follow-up	235 ± 43	227 ± 38	244 ± 41
DMT at baselinec
Interferon	—	19 (32%)	14 (36%)
Glatiramer acetate	—	13 (22%)	10 (26%)
Natalizumab	—	14 (23%)	2 (5%)
Other	—	1 (2%)	3 (8%)
None	—	12 (20%)	9 (23%)
DMT at follow-up
Interferon	—	16 (27%)	13 (33%)
Glatiramer acetate	—	18 (30%)	13 (33%)
Natalizumab	—	2 (3%)	1 (3%)
Orals	—	10 (17%)	2 (5%)
Other	—	7 (12%)	2 (5%)
None	—	6 (10%)	8 (21%)
Statins
Baseline	8%	12%	13%
Follow-up	10%	20%	13%

All continuous variables (age, BMI, disease duration) are mean ± standard deviation.

^aEDSS in median [interquartile range (IQR)].

^bThe BMI category variable was defined according to National Institutes of Health guidelines (https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmi_dis.htm): normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m²), overweight (BMI ≥25 to <30 kg/m²), and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²). BMI is missing for one HC and one RR-MS subject at baseline.

^cDMT data for two RR-MS subjects are missing at baseline and follow-up. DMT data for one P-MS subject is missing at baseline. The interferon category includes the products AVONEX^®, REBIF^®, BETASERON^®, EXTAVIA^®, and PLEGRIDY^™, whereas orals include fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, and teriflunomide.