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Lower extremity frontal-plane joint angles over the stance phase of walking: 1%–17% = early stance, 18%–50% = midstance, 51%–83% = terminal stance, and 84%–100% = preswing. Frontal plane: A, ankle angle; B, knee angle; C, hip angle. Between-groups differences for frontal plane: D, ankle angle; E, knee angle; F, hip angle. When 95% confidence intervals (shaded gray area) did not cross zero, group values were different.
