. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 15.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer. 2019 Apr 29;125(14):2383–2393. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32078

Table 2.

Risk-of-bias analysis using successive inclusion criteria

Criteria	Studies (Effects)	Average ES [95% CI]	$\hat{τ}$	I²
All studies	29 (82)	0.371 [0.211, 0.521]	0.317	82%
Studies with low ROB outcome reporting	24 (70)	0.403 [0.217, 0.589]	0.364	85%
Studies with low ROB outcome reporting and low ROB sequence generation	15 (47)	0.267 [0.053, 0.481]	0.309	85%
Studies with low ROB outcome reporting, sequence generation, and allocation concealment	4 (19)	0.301 [0.029, 0.573]	0.000	0%

Note: ROB = risk-of-bias.