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. 2019 May 31;34(8):753–763. doi: 10.1007/s10654-019-00530-5

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of 455,981 participants according to tea consumption

Less than weekly Weekly Daily P trend
≤ 2.0 g 2.1–4.0 g >4.0 g
No. of participants, n (%)a 307,057 (67.3) 32,722 (7.2) 44,988 (9.9) 41,621 (9.1) 29,593 (6.5) < 0.001
Men, % 25.6 51.4 48.8 59.4 76.2 < 0.001
Urban area, % 44.7 50.0 35.3 37.9 50.9 < 0.001
Age, years 50.9 48.8 52.0 51.7 50.7 < 0.001
Tobacco smoking
 Current smokers, %
  Men 59.8 72.2 76.2 79.6 85.7 < 0.001
  Women 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.3 6.2 < 0.001
 Amount smoked per day, cigarette or equivalent tobacco
  Men 17.3 17.3 17.5 18.2 20.9 < 0.001
  Women 9.5 9.8 10.9 10.7 12.9 < 0.001
 Duration of smoking, years
  Men 28.3 27.6 27.7 28.1 28.9 < 0.001
  Women 30.6 28.6 29.6 29.1 28.2 < 0.001
Alcohol consumption
 Daily consumer, %
  Men 16.8 20.5 26.5 27.8 29.8 < 0.001
  Women 0.7 1.6 2.3 2.6 3.9 < 0.001
 Amount consumed per day, g of pure alcohol
  Men 57.5 59.4 58.4 60.7 65.5 < 0.001
  Women 28.0 27.8 29.5 30.8 31.2 0.024
 Duration of consumption, years
  Men 22.2 21.7 22.1 21.9 22.4 0.152
  Women 14.5 14.2 15.2 15.2 16.3 0.011
Tea consumption
  Tea leaves added per day, g 1.8 3.5 8.9 < 0.001
  Tea consumed per day, cupsb 3.3 4.4 6.3 < 0.001
  Green tea consumer, % 85.1 85.7 85.7 85.3 0.065
  Preferred hot or burning hot tea, % 54.2 56.1 60.2 71.2 < 0.001
  Age starting regular consumption, years 29.7 28.4 27.7 26.0 < 0.001
  Duration of consumption, years 21.3 22.5 23.3 25.0 < 0.001

The results are presented as adjusted means or percentages, with adjustment for age, sex, and study area, as appropriate

aThe numbers in parentheses indicate the proportion of participants in five tea consumption categories

b1 cup = 300 ml