Table 1.
Less than weekly | Weekly | Daily | P trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 2.0 g | 2.1–4.0 g | >4.0 g | ||||
No. of participants, n (%)a | 307,057 (67.3) | 32,722 (7.2) | 44,988 (9.9) | 41,621 (9.1) | 29,593 (6.5) | < 0.001 |
Men, % | 25.6 | 51.4 | 48.8 | 59.4 | 76.2 | < 0.001 |
Urban area, % | 44.7 | 50.0 | 35.3 | 37.9 | 50.9 | < 0.001 |
Age, years | 50.9 | 48.8 | 52.0 | 51.7 | 50.7 | < 0.001 |
Tobacco smoking | ||||||
Current smokers, % | ||||||
Men | 59.8 | 72.2 | 76.2 | 79.6 | 85.7 | < 0.001 |
Women | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 6.2 | < 0.001 |
Amount smoked per day, cigarette or equivalent tobacco | ||||||
Men | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.5 | 18.2 | 20.9 | < 0.001 |
Women | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 12.9 | < 0.001 |
Duration of smoking, years | ||||||
Men | 28.3 | 27.6 | 27.7 | 28.1 | 28.9 | < 0.001 |
Women | 30.6 | 28.6 | 29.6 | 29.1 | 28.2 | < 0.001 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||||
Daily consumer, % | ||||||
Men | 16.8 | 20.5 | 26.5 | 27.8 | 29.8 | < 0.001 |
Women | 0.7 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 3.9 | < 0.001 |
Amount consumed per day, g of pure alcohol | ||||||
Men | 57.5 | 59.4 | 58.4 | 60.7 | 65.5 | < 0.001 |
Women | 28.0 | 27.8 | 29.5 | 30.8 | 31.2 | 0.024 |
Duration of consumption, years | ||||||
Men | 22.2 | 21.7 | 22.1 | 21.9 | 22.4 | 0.152 |
Women | 14.5 | 14.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 16.3 | 0.011 |
Tea consumption | ||||||
Tea leaves added per day, g | – | – | 1.8 | 3.5 | 8.9 | < 0.001 |
Tea consumed per day, cupsb | – | – | 3.3 | 4.4 | 6.3 | < 0.001 |
Green tea consumer, % | – | 85.1 | 85.7 | 85.7 | 85.3 | 0.065 |
Preferred hot or burning hot tea, % | 54.2 | 56.1 | 60.2 | 71.2 | < 0.001 | |
Age starting regular consumption, years | – | 29.7 | 28.4 | 27.7 | 26.0 | < 0.001 |
Duration of consumption, years | – | 21.3 | 22.5 | 23.3 | 25.0 | < 0.001 |
The results are presented as adjusted means or percentages, with adjustment for age, sex, and study area, as appropriate
aThe numbers in parentheses indicate the proportion of participants in five tea consumption categories
b1 cup = 300 ml