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. 2019 Jul 1;9:9474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45905-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Purity and concentration of C-PC in various extraction and purification steps and experiments. (a) Different growth phases of the organism, (b) Different freeze-thaw protocols for C-PC extraction, (c) The effect of pH on chitosan affinity precipitation of impurities (chitosan concentration; 0.2% w/w), (d) The effect of chitosan concentration on purification of C-PC (pH 6.9), (e) The effect of activated charcoal concentration, (f) The effect of ammonium sulfate saturation extent on purity of the phycocyanin in the precipitate and supernatant, (g) The effect of ammonium sulfate saturation extent on concentration of the phycocyanin in the precipitate and supernatant, (h) Purity and concentration of C-PC in the eluted fractions through ion exchange chromatography; Values represented as mean ± SD. n = 3; Different small letters and different capital letters above the bars represent statically significance difference in purity and concentration of C-PC respectively.