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. 2019 Jul 1;9:9467. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45768-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) The H. pylori strain 26695 and the ggt gene-disrupted mutant strain were cultured and reacted with 50 μM of γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green probe (gGlu-HRMG) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Experiments were performed at densities ranging from 10 cells/ml to 10⁸ cells/ml. The wild-type H. pylori strain emitted green fluorescence over time. (b) The ggt-gene disrupted mutant strain emitted nil fluorescence upon gGlu-HMRG exposure for 15 min, even at high cell densities. (c) Fluorescence intensity (FI) remained unchanged at 1 min. FI increased at 5 and more distinctly at 15 min, displaying substantial alterations in FIV-5 and FIV-15; values obtained by subtracting FI 5 min after treatment with gGlu-HMRG, FIV-15; FI at 15 min after treatment with gGlu-HMRG, respectively, are observed.