Table 2.

Completed and active clinical trials using cell therapy to treat stroke.

	Trial number	Trial name	Current status	Study start and end date	Duration [y]	Phase	Sponsor	No. of participants	Cell type	Cell dose	Route	Time from stroke onset	References
COMPLETED
1	NCT00152113		Compl	2005–2008	3	1	Research Hospital	5	Hematopoietic Stem Cell	5 × 106 CD34+/kg, 1 × 106 CD3+/kg	IV	Prophylactic	(45)
2	NCT00473057		Compl	2005–2011	6	1	University/College	12	Autologous BMSCs	500 million	IA	90 days
3	NCT00535197		Compl	2007–2012	5	1,2	University/College	5	Autologous BMSCs	Max. 1 × 108	IA	<7 days	(46)
4	NCT01501773		Compl	2008–2011	3	2	Industry	120	Autologous BMSCs	30–500 million	IV	7–30 days	(44, 47)
5	NCT00761982		Compl	2008–2011	3	1,2	University Hospital	20	Autologous BMSCs	1.59 × 108	IA	5–9 days	(48)
6	NCT00950521		Compl	2009–2010	1	2	University Hospital	30	Hematopoietic CD34+ stem cells	2–8 million	ICb	6–60 months	(49)
7	NCT02425670	InVeSt	Compl	2009–2010	1	2	Research Institute	120	Autologous BMSCs	30–500 million	IV	7–29 days	(47)
8	NCT00859014		Compl	2009–2013	4	1	University/College	25	Autologous BMSCs	10 × 106/kg	IV	24–72 h	(50)
9	NCT00875654	ISIS-HERMES	Compl	2010–2017	7	2	Hospital	31	Autologous mesenchymal stem cells	100 or 300 million	IV	<6 weeks
10	NCT01287936	SanBio	Compl	2011–2015	4	1,2	Industry	18	Autologous modified Stromal Cells (SB623)	2.5, 5.0, or 10 million	IC	6–60 months	(51)
11	NCT01436487	MASTERS-1	Compl	2011–2015	4	2	Industry	134	Allogenic BMSCs (MultiStem)	400 or 1200 million	IV	24–48 h	(52, 53)
12	NCT01297413		Compl	2011–2017	6	1,2	Research Institute	20	Allogenic BMSCs	0.5–1.5 × 106/kg	IV	>6 months
13	NCT02117635	PISCES-II	Compl	2014–2016	2	2a	Industry	23	Allogenic NSCs (CTX DP)	20 million cells	ICb	<4 weeks	(38)
14	NCT01678534	AMASCIS-01	Compl	2014–2018	4	2	University Hospital	19	Allogenic ADSCs	1 million units/kg	IV	<2 weeks	(54)
15	NCT03080571		Compl	2015–2016	1	1	Industry	38	Autologous intra-arterial BM-MNCs	–	IA	0–15 days
16	NCT02397018	CoBIS1	Compl	2015–2017	2	1	Research Institute	124	Allogeneic umbilical cord blood stem cells	0.5–5 × 107/kg	IV	3–10 days	(55)
17	NCT02813512		Compl	2017–2018	1	1	Industry	3	Autologous ADSCs	–	ICb	>6 months
ACTIVE
1	NCT01151124	PISCES	Not recr	2010–2023	13	1,2	Industry	12	Allogenic NSCs (CTX DP)	2, 5, 10, or 20 million	ICb	6 months to 5 years	(38)
2	NCT01716481	STARTING-2	Recr	2012–2017	5	3	Industry	60	Autologous MSCs	1 × 106cells/kg	IV	<90 days	(56)
3	NCT03296618		Not recr	2012–2018	6	1	Industry	18	NSCs (NSI-566)	1.2 × 107-8 × 107	IC	3–24 months
4	NCT02178657	IBIS	Recr	2014–2018	4	2	Research Institute	76	Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells	2 or 5 × 106/kg	IA	1–7 days	(57)
5	NCT02448641	ACTIsSIMA	Not recr	2016–2019	3	2	Industry	156	Autologous modified Stromal Cells (SB623)	2.5 or 5 million	IC	6–90 months
6	NCT02795052	NEST	Recr	2016–2020	4	n.d.	Industry	300	Autologous BMSCs	–	IV, IN	>6 months
7	NCT03371329		Recr	2017–2018	1	1	Hospital	12	Allogenic BMSCs	0.5, 1, 2 × 106/kg	IV, IT	<72 h
8	NCT03004976	CoBIS2	Recr	2017–2019	2	2	Research Institute	100	Allogeneic umbilical cord blood infusion	0.5–5 × 107/kg	IV	3–10 days
9	NCT03629275	PISCESIII	Recr	2018–2019	1	2b	Industry	110	Allogenic NSCs (CTX0E03)	20 million	ICb	6–12 months
10	NCT03545607	MASTERS-2	Recr	2018–2020	2	3	Industry	300	Allogenic BMSCs (MultiStem)	1.2 billion	IV	24–36 h	(53)
11	NCT03570450	RESSTORE-1	Recr	2018–2020	2	1	University Hospital	15	ADSCs	1.1, 2.1, 2.5, 3.1 × 106/kg	IV	24–48 h
12	NCT02961504	TREASURE	Recr	2017–2020	3	2,3	Industry	220	Allogenic BMSCs, HLCM051 (MultiStem)	1.2 billion	IV	18–36 h
13	ACTRN12618000076279	I-ACT	Recr	2019–2021	3	1	Research Institute	15	Allogenic hAECs	2, 4, 8, 16, 32 million/kg	IV	<24 h	(39)

IV, intravenous; IT, intrathecal; IA, intra-arterial; IC, intracrainial; ICb, intracerebral; IN, intranasal.