Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Variable | Control (n = 73) | IVF–ICSI (n = 73) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | 98 ± 35 | 97 ± 35 | 0.867 |
| Boys, n (%) | 26 (36) | 28 (38) | 0.732 |
| Birth data | |||
| Gestational age (weeks n = 64/60) | 38.0 ± 2.1 | 36.0 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
| Preterm birth, n (%) | 14 (19) | 29 (40) | 0.006 |
| Birth weight (g, n = 70/61) | 3013.7 ± 609.8 | 2417.7 ± 672.2 | < 0.001 |
| SGA, n (%) | 13 (18) | 25 (34) | 0.024 |
| LGA, n (%) | 3 (4) | – | 0.08 |
| Birth length (cm, n = 68/47) | 49.8 ± 3.4 | 47.7 ± 3.7 | 0.003 |
| Primiparous, n (%) | 28 (38) | 50 (69) | < 0.001 |
| Singleton birth, n (%) | 60 (82) | 43 (59) | 0.002 |
| Parental characteristics | |||
| Maternal dyslipidemia, n (%) | 7 (10) | 8 (11) | 0.785 |
| Maternal age at birth (years, n = 73/58) | 31.7 ± 5.0 | 36.4 ± 5.3 | < 0.001 |
| Paternal dyslipidemia, n (%) | 12 (16) | 12 (16) | 1.000 |
| Paternal age at birth (years, n = 72/55) | 35.5 ± 5.1 | 39.1 ± 5.8 | < 0.001 |
| Children’s characteristics | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, n = 70/65) | 105.0 (100.0–110.0) | 100.0 (90.0–110.0) | 0.064 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, n = 70/65) | 60.0 (50.0–60.0) | 60.0 (50.0–70.0) | 0.067 |
| Height (cm) | 130.5 ± 19.3 | 131.0 ± 18.7 | 0.892 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (n = 73/71) | 17.7 (15.7–21.0) | 17.6 (15.4–21.0) | 0.923 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio (n = 71/72) | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 0.91 ± 0.09 | 0.163 |
| Prepubertal stage (Tanner I), n (%) | 13 (18) | 14 (19) | 0.831 |
Categorical variables are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, while continuous variables as mean value ± SD for normally distributed and median value (25th–75th percentiles) for skewed variables
SGA small for gestational age, LGA large for gestational age, BMI body mass index