Table 5.

Factors Associated With Positive Xenodiagnosis Results Among 15 Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients: Mymensingh, Bangladesh, 2017

Factor	Xenodiagnosis Resultsa
	Negative	Positive	P Value
Visceral leishmaniasis patients	N = 5	N = 10
Age
Mean [SD]	22 [2.9]	32.1 [13.7]	…b
Median [IQR]	23 [20, 24]	31.5 [19, 45]	.33
Female Sex n (%)	3 (60.0)	4 (40.0)	.61
BMI (kg/m2)
Mean [SD]	15.0 [1.8]	18.0 [2.0]	…b
Median [IQR]	15.2 [13.8, 15.8]	18.4 [16.4, 18.7]	.03
Spleen size (cm below costal margin)
Mean [SD]	12.0 [7.4]	7.1 [5.9]	…b
Median [IQR]	9.0 [7, 16]	5.5 [3, 12]	.14
Liver size (cm below costal margin)
Mean [SD]	7.0 [3.1]	2.5 [3.9]	…b
Median [IQR]	6.0 [6, 9]	0.75 [0, 3]	.04
Blood positive by qPCR	3 (60.0)	10 (100)	.10
Parasite load (per mL blood)
Mean [SD]	13.5 [20.3]	232.9 [310.1]	…b
Median [IQR]	4.2 [0, 15.4]	93.3 [40.5, 321.6]	.02
Log10 parasite loadC
Mean [SD]	0.72 [0.75]	2.00 [0.64]	…b
Median [IQR]	0.72 [0, 1.22]	1.97 [1.61, 2.51]	.01

We report both the median + IQR and mean + SD to provide some indication of the skew of the distribution.

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.

^aComposite results by microscopy and/or polymerase chain reaction in sand flies from any of the xenodiagnosis experiments.

^bbMean + SD shown to provide indication of skew of the distribution; p value based on Wilcoxon rank sum test.

^CParasite load per milliliter blood transformed as log₁₀(parasite load + 1) to account for zero parasite loads.