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. 2019 Jul 1;7(13):e14149. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14149

Table 1.

Subjects’ anthropometric characteristics and lung function data

  Controls SSc‐N SSc‐D SSc‐R P value
Male/Female 5/34 2/49 1/18 5/21 0.24
Age (years) 55 ± 19 64 ± 13*, † 63 ± 10 54 ± 16† 0.008
BMI (kg·m−2) 25 ± 5 24 ± 4 24 ± 5 26 ± 5 0.27
Smoking habit (c/f/n) 4/6/29 3/6/42 5/5/9 1/6/19 0.08
[Hb] (g·dL−1) 13.5 ± 0.66 13.1 ± 0.93 12.7 ± 1.09* 12.9 ± 1.09 0.011
FVC (L) 3.53 ± 0.78 3.00 ± 0.54* 2.83 ± 0.68* 2.38 ± 0.63*, †, ‡ <0.001
(% predicted) 112 ± 14 104 ± 14* 96 ± 11*, † 66 ± 11*, †, ‡ <0.001
(z‐score) 0.72 ± 0.84 0.22 ± 0.89* −0.31 ± 0.73*, † −2.48 ± 0.93*, †, ‡ <0.001
FEV1 (L) 2.81 ± 0.68 2.31 ± 0.43* 2.17 ± 0.49* 1.97 ± 0.56*, † <0.001
(% predicted) 110 ± 13 102 ± 12* 93 ± 12*, † 68 ± 9*, †, ‡ <0.001
(z‐score) 0.70 ± 0.83 0.10 ± 0.83* −0.46 ± 0.78*, † −2.23 ± 0.70*, †, ‡ <0.001
TLC (L) 5.25 ± 0.90 4.84 ± 0.59* 4.50 ± 0.99* 3.60 ± 0.83*, †, ‡ <0.001
(% predicted) 109 ± 10 103 ± 11* 94 ± 10*, † 67 ± 11*, †, ‡ <0.001
(z‐score) 0.66 ± 0.74 0.20 ± 0.86* −0.40 ± 0.77*, † −2.79 ± 0.94*, †, ‡ <0.001
DLCO (mL·min−1·mmHg−1) 25.5 ± 6.12 18.2 ± 2.90* 12.4 ± 2.28*, † 14.5 ± 4.15*, † <0.001
(% predicted) 116 ± 14 96 ± 12* 65 ± 10*, † 65 ± 12*, † <0.001
(z‐score) 0.87 ± 0.72 −0.30 ± 0.70* −2.73 ± 1.16*, † −2.74 ± 1.17*, † <0.001
KCO (mL·min−1·mmHg−1·L−1) 4.60 ± 0.77 3.96 ± 0.56* 3.01 ± 0.53*, † 4.17 ± 0.65‡ <0.001
(% predicted) 104 ± 14 92 ± 12* 70 ± 12*, † 96 ± 14‡ <0.001
(z‐score) 0.24 ± 0.87 −0.52 ± 0.84* −1.87 ± 1.35*, † −0.31 ± 0.95‡ <0.001
DLNO (mL·min−1·mmHg−1) 95.6 ± 26.0 71.7 ± 16.0* 52.5 ± 11.4*, † 55.9 ± 21.3*, † <0.001
(% predicted) 88 ± 9 74 ± 11* 53 ± 9†*, † 46 ± 12*, † <0.001
(z‐score) −0.69 ± 0.53 −1.30 ± 0.66* −2.35 ± 0.63*, † −3.17 ± 0.88*, †, ‡ <0.001
KNO (mL·min−1·mmHg−1·L−1) 18.8 ± 3.18 15.3 ± 2.38* 12.7 ± 2.64*, † 15.2 ± 3.40*, ‡ <0.001
(% predicted) 86 ± 9 74 ± 8* 61 ± 12*, † 68 ± 12*, †, ‡ <0.001
(z‐score) −1.05 ± 0.71 −1.90 ± 0.56* −2.91 ± 0.97*, † −2.50 ± 0.98* <0.001

Data are absolute numbers or mean ± SD.

SSc‐N, subjects with all standard lung function data > 5th percentile (LLN5); SSc‐D, subjects with DLCO < LLN5 but TLC > LLN5; SSc‐R, subjects with TLC < LLN5 with (n = 21) or without (n = 5) DLCO < LLN5; c/f/n, current/former/never; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; TLC, total lung capacity; DLCO, standard single‐breath (9‐11 s breath‐hold time) lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; KCO, DLCO/alveolar volume; DLNO, lung diffusing capacity for nitric oxide; KNO, DLNO/VA.

*

Significantly different from control.

†

Significantly different from SSc‐N.

‡

Significantly different from SSc‐D.