Table 2. The surface element content.
| Element | Weight ratio % (with PDA) | Weight ratio % (without PDA) |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon | 5.46 | 2.06 |
| Oxygen | 9.73 | 5.75 |
| Aluminum | 4.63 | 5.08 |
| Titanium | 77.00 | 83.48 |
| Vanadium | 3.18 | 3.64 |
PDA, polydopamine.
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